Wprowadzamy dane do ScienceON
Zgodnie z Komunikatem Prorektora UŁ ds. nauki dotyczącym systemu ScienceON od 15.09.2023 r. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego wprowadza dane o wszystkich publikacjach wydanych przez siebie...
Polityka fiskalna jest tematem licznych badań i dyskusji, których znaczenie wzrosło w następstwie kryzysu finansowo-gospodarczego, który wybuchł na początku XXI wieku. Wśród zagadnień, które w ostatnich latach stanowią przedmiot szczególnego zainteresowania, znajduje się rozpoznanie efektów polityki fiskalnej wynikających z zastosowania jej instrumentów.
W książce podjęto próbę ustalenia efektów polityki fiskalnej w Polsce. Efekty te odniesiono do wydatków rządowych oraz podatków netto i przedstawiono je za pomocą mnożników fiskalnych. Badanie empiryczne uzupełniono przeglądem literatury, w którym zaprezentowano najważniejsze determinanty mnożników fiskalnych, a także wybrane wyniki analiz oddziaływania instrumentów polityki fiskalnej na koniunkturę.
Publikacja jest skierowana do pracowników naukowych, studentów kierunków ekonomicznych, praktyków gospodarczych oraz przedstawicieli administracji publicznej zainteresowanych zagadnieniami z zakresu ekonomii i finansów publicznych.
Abel, A. (1990), Asset Prices Under Habit Formation and Catching up with the Joneses, „American Economic Review”, 80(2): 38–42.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Abiad, A., Furceri, D., Topalova, P. (2015), The Macroeconomic Effect of Public Investment: Evidence
Zobacz w Google Scholar
from Advanced Economies, IMF Working Paper no. 15/95.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Acocella, N. (2002), Zasady polityki gospodarczej, tłum. A. Wojtyna, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Adam, K., Billi, R. M. (2006), Optimal Monetary Policy Under Commitment with a Zero Bound on Nominal Interest Rates, „Journal of Money, Credit and Banking”, 38(7): 1877–1905.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Adam, K., Billi, R. M. (2007), Discretionary Monetary Policy and the Zero Lower Bound on Nominal Interest Rates, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 54(3): 728–752.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Adam, K., Billi, R. M. (2008), Monetary Conservatism and Fiscal Policy, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 55(8): 1376–1388.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Adamowicz, E., Dudek, S., Pachucki, D., Walczyk, K. (2012), Wahania cykliczne w Polsce i strefie euro, „Prace i Materiały Instytutu Rozwoju Gospodarczego SGH”, nr 89, Wydawnictwa Instytutu Rozwoju Gospodarczego, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Afonso, A. (2010), Expansionary Fiscal Consolidations in Europe: New Evidence, „Applied Economics Letters”, 17(2): 105–109.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Afonso, A., Jalles, J. T. (2014), Assessing Fiscal Episodes, „Economic Modelling”, 37(C): 255–270.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Afonso, A., Agnello, L., Furceri, D. (2010), Fiscal Policy Responsiveness, Persistence, and Discretion, „Public Choice”, 145(3): 503–530.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Afonso, A., Baxa, J., Slavik, M. (2018), Fiscal Developments and Financial Stress: A Threshold VAR Analysis, „Empirical Economics”, 54(2): 395–423.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Afonso, A., Grüner, H. P., Kolerus, Ch. E. (2010), Fiscal Policy and Growth: Do Financial Crisis Make a Difference?, Bank of Italy Paper Series – Occasional Paper no. 25.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Agarwal, R., Kimball, M. (2015), Breaking the Zero Lower Bound, IMF Working Paper no. 15/224.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Aghion, P., Marinescu, I. (2007), Cyclical Budgetary Policy and Economic Growth: What Do We Learn from OECD Panel Data?, „NBER Macroeconomics Annual”, D. Acemoglu, K. Rogoff, M. Woodford (eds), 22: 251–278.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Agnello, L., Cimadomo, J. (2012), Discretionary Fiscal Policies over the Cycle: New Evidence Based on the ESCB Disaggregated Approach, „International Journal of Central Banking”, 8(2): 43–85.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Agnello, L., Sousa, R. M. (2014), The Determinants of the Volatility of Fiscal Policy Discretion, „Fiscal Studies”, 35: 91–115.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Agnello, L., Furceri, D., Sousa, R. M. (2011), Fiscal Policy Discretion, Private Spending, and Crisis Responses, Direction Générale des Etudes et des Relations Internationals, Banque de France, Document de Travail no. 354.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Agnello, L., Furceri, D., Sousa, R. M. (2013), How Best to Measure Discretionary Fiscal Policy? Assessing Its Impact on Private Spending, „Economic Modelling”, 34(C): 15–24.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ahrend, R., Catte, P., Price, R. (2006), Interaction Between Monetary and Fiscal Policy: How Monetary Conditions Affects Fiscal Consolidation, OECD Working Paper no. 521.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Aiyagari, S. R., Christiano, L. J., Eichenbaum, M. (1992), The Output, Employment and Interest Rate Effects of Government Consumption, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 30(1): 73–86.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Albertini, J., Poirier, A., Roulleau-Pasdeloup, J. (2014), The Composition of Government Spending and the Multiplier at the Zero Lower Bound, „Economics Letters”, 122(1): 31–35.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Alesina, A. (2012), Fiscal Policy After the Great Recession, „Atlantic Economic Journal”, 40(4): 429–435.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Alesina, A., Ardagna, S. (1998), Tales of Fiscal Adjustment, „Economic Policy”, 13(27): 489–585.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Alesina, A., Ardagna, S. (2010), Large Changes in Fiscal Policy: Taxes Versus Spending, „Tax Policy and the Economy”, 24(1): 35–68.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Alesina, A., Perotti, R. (1995), Fiscal Expansions and Fiscal Adjustments in OECD Countries, NBER Working Paper no. 5214.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Alesina, A., Perotti, R. (1996), Fiscal Adjustments in OECD Countries: Composition and Macroeconomic Effects, NBER Working Paper no. 5730.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Alesina, A., Tabellini, G. (1990), A Positive Theory of Fiscal Deficits and Government Debt, „Review of Economic Studies”, 57(3): 403–414.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Alesina, A., Giavazzi, F. (eds) (2013), Fiscal Policy After the Financial Crisis, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Alesina, A., Campante, F. R., Tabellini, G. (2008), Why Is Fiscal Policy Often Procyclical?, „Journal of the European Economic Association”, 6(5): 1006–1036.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Alesina, A., Roubini, N., Cohen, G. D. (1997), Political Cycles and the Macroeconomy, The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Alesina, A., Hausmann, R., Hommes, R., Stein, E. (1999), Budget Institutions and Fiscal Performance in Latin America, „Journal of Development Economics”, 59(2): 253–273.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Alonso-Carrera, J., Caballé, J., Raurich, X. (2005), Growth, Habit Formation, and Catching-up with the Joneses, „European Economic Review”, 49: 1665–1691.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Altig, D., Christiano, L. J., Eichenbaum, M., Lindé, J. (2011), Firm-Specific Capital, Nominal Rigidities and the Business Cycle, „Review of Economic Dynamics”, 14(2): 225–247.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Álvarez, L. J., Dhyne, E., Hoeberichts, M., Kwapil, C., Le Bihan, H., Lünnemann, P., Martins, F., Sabbatini, R., Stahl, H., Vermeulen, P., Vilmunen, J. (2006), Sticky Prices in the Euro Area: A Summary of New Micro-Evidence, „Journal of the European Economic Association”, 4(2–3): 575–584.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Amato, J. D., Laubach, T. (2003), Rule-of-Thumb Behaviour and Monetary Policy, „European Economic Review”, 47(5): 791–831.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ambriško, R., Augusta, V., Hájková, D., Král, P., Netušilová, P., Říkovský, M., Soukup, P. (2012), Fiscal Discretion in the Czech Republic in 2001–2011: Has It Been Stabilizing?, Czech National Bank, „Research and Policy Notes”, 1.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ando, A., Modigliani, F. (1963), The „Life Cycle” Hypothesis of Saving: Aggregate Implications and Tests, „American Economic Review”, 53(1): 55–84.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Arias, J. E., Rubio-Ramírez, J. F., Waggoner, D. F. (2018), Inference Based on SVARs Identified with Sign and Zero Restrictions: Theory and Application, „Econometrica”, 86(2): 685–720.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Arsic, M., Nojkovic, A., Randjelovic, S. (2017), Determinants of Discretionary Fiscal Policy in Central and Eastern Europe, „Economic Systems”, 41(3): 367–378.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Aschauer, D. A. (1985), Fiscal Policy and Aggregate Demand, „American Economic Review”, 75(1): 117–127.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Aschauer, D. A. (1988a), Is Public Expenditure Productive?, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 23(2): 177–200.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Aschauer, D. A. (1988b), The Equilibrium Approach to Fiscal Policy, „Journal of Money, Credit and Banking”, 20(1): 41–62.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Aschauer, D. A. (1989), Is Public Spending Productive?, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 23: 177–200.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Atoyan, R., Jaeger, A., Smith, D. (2012), The Pre-Crisis Capital Flow Surge to Emerging Europe: Did Countercyclical Fiscal Policy Make a Difference?, IMF Working Paper no. 12/222.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Auerbach, A. J. (2002), Is There a Role for Discretionary Fiscal Policy?, NBER Working Paper no. 9306.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Auerbach, A. J. (2009), Implementing the New Fiscal Policy Activism, „American Economic Review”, 99(2): 543–549.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Auerbach, A. J., Gorodnichenko, Y. (2012a), Measuring the Output Responses to Fiscal Policy, „American Economic Journal: Economic Policy”, 4(2): 1–27.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Auerbach, A. J., Gorodnichenko, Y. (2012b), Fiscal Multipliers in Recession and Expansion, [w:] A. Alesina, F. Giavazzi (eds), Fiscal Policy After the Financial Crisis, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.: 63–98.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Auerbach, A. J., Gorodnichenko, Y. (2013), Output Spillovers from Fiscal Policy, „American Economic Review”, 103(3): 141–146.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Auerbach, A. J., Gorodnichenko, Y. (2017), Fiscal Multipliers in Japan, „Research in Economics”, 71(3): 411–421.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Auerbach, A. J., Obstfeld, M. (2005), The Case for Open-Market Purchases in a Liquidity Trap, „American Economic Review”, 95(1): 110–137.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bachmann, R., Sims, E. R. (2012), Confidence and the Transmission of Government Spending Shocks, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 59(3): 235–249.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Backus, D. K., Kehoe, P. J., Kydland, F. E. (1992), International Real Business Cycles, „Journal of Political Economy”, 100(4): 745–775.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bain, K., Howells, P. G. A. (1987), Government and the Economy, Longman, London.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Baldacci, E., Gupta, S., Mulas-Granados, C. (2009), How Effective Is Fiscal Policy Response in Systemic Banking Crises?, IMF Working Paper no. 09/160.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Balke, N. (2000), Credit and Economic Activity: Credit Regimes and Nonlinear Propagation of Shocks, „The Review of Economics and Statistics”, 82(2): 344–349.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Baranowski, P. (2014), Reguły polityki pieniężnej w Polsce. Podejście ilościowe, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Baranowski, P., Krajewski, P., Mackiewicz, M., Szymańska, A. (2016), The Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy over the Business Cycle: A CEE Perspective, „Emerging Markets Finance and Trade”, 52(8): 1910−1921.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Barczyk, R. (2004), Teoria i praktyka polityki antycyklicznej, Wydawnictwo Akademii Ekonomicznej w Poznaniu, Poznań.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Barczyk, R., Lubiński, M. (2009), Dylematy stabilizowania koniunktury, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Poznaniu, Poznań.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Barczyk, R., Konopczak, K., Lubiński, M., Marczewski, K. (2010), Synchronizacja wahań koniunkturalnych. Mechanizmy i konsekwencje, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Poznaniu, Poznań.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Barrell, R., Fic, T., Liadze, I. (2009), Fiscal Policy Effectiveness in the Banking Crisis, „National Institute Economic Review”, 207(1): 43–50.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Barrell, R., Holland, D., Hurst, I. (2012a), Fiscal Multipliers and Prospects for Consolidation, „OECD Journal: Economic Studies”, 1.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Barrell, R., Holland, D., Hurst, I. (2012b), Fiscal Consolidation: Part 2. Fiscal Multipliers and Fiscal Consolidations, OECD Economics Department Working Papers no. 933.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Barro, R. J. (1974), Are Government Bonds Net Wealth?, „Journal of Political Economy”, 82(6): 1095–1117.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Barro, R. J. (1979), On the Determination of the Public Debt, „Journal of Political Economy”, 87(5): 940–971.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Barro, R. J. (1981), Output Effects of Government Purchases, „Journal of Political Economy”, 89(6): 1086–1121.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Barro, R. J. (1988), The Ricardian Approach to Budget Deficits, NBER Working Paper no. 2685.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Barro, R. J. (1989), The Neoclassical Approach to Fiscal Policy, [w:] R. J. Barro (ed.), Modern Business Cycle Theory, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA: 178–235.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Barro, R. J. (2009), Government Spending Is No Free Lunch, „The Wall Street Journal”, 22 January: A17.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Barro, R. J., Redlick, Ch. J. (2011), Macroeconomic Effects from Government Purchases and Taxes, „The Quarterly Journal of Economics”, 126(1): 51–102.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bartkowiak, R. (2003), Historia myśli ekonomicznej, Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Batini, N., Callegari, G., Melina, G. (2012), Successful Austerity in the United States, Europe and Japan, IMF Working Paper no. 12/190.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Batini, N., Eyraud, L., Weber, A. (2014b), A Simple Method to Compute Fiscal Multipliers, IMF Working Paper no. 14/93.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Batini, N., Eyraud, L., Forni, L., Weber, A. (2014a), Fiscal Multipliers: Size, Determinants, and Use in Macroeconomic Projections, IMF Technical Notes and Manuals.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Baum, A., Koester, G. B. (2011), The Impact of Fiscal Policy on Economic Activity over the Business Cycle: Evidence from a Threshold VAR Analysis, Deutsche Bundesbank Discussion Paper, Series 1: Economic Studies no. 03.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Baum, A., Poplawski-Ribeiro, M., Weber, A. (2012), Fiscal Multipliers and the State of the Economy, IMF Working Papers no. 12/286.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Baumeister, Ch., Hamilton, J. D. (2015), Sign Restrictions, Structural Vector Autoregressions, and Useful Prior Information, „Econometrica”, 83(5): 1963–1999.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Baxa, J. (2010), What the Data Say About the Effects of Fiscal Policy in the Czech Republic?, [w:] M. Houda, J. Friebelova (eds), Mathematical Methods in Economics 2010, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice: 24–29.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Baxter, M., King, R. G. (1993), Fiscal Policy in General Equilibrium, „American Economic Review”, 83(3): 315–334.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bech, M., Malkhozov, A., (2016), How Have Central Banks Implemented Negative Policy Rates, „BIS Quarterly Review”, March: 31–44.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Beetsma, R. M. W. J., Jensen, H. (2005), Monetary and Fiscal Policy Interactions in a Micro-Founded Model of a Monetary Union, „Journal of International Economics”, 67(2): 320–352.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Belke, A., Rees, A. (2014), Globalisation and Monetary Policy? A FAVAR Analysis for the G7 and the Eurozone, „The North American Journal of Economics and Finance”, 29(C): 306–321.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Benčík, M. (2014), Dual Regime Fiscal Multipliers in Converging Economies: A Simple STVAR Approach, Národná Banka Slovenska, Working Paper no. 2.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Benkovskis, K., Bessonovs, A., Feldkircher, M., Wörz, J. (2011), The Transmission of Euro Area Monetary Shocks to the Czech Republic, Poland and Hungary: Evidence from a FAVAR Model, „Focus on the European Economic Integration”, 3: 8–36.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bernanke, B. S. (1986), Alternative Explanations of the Money-Income Correlation, „Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy”, 25: 49–99.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bernanke, B. S., Blinder, A. S. (1992), The Federal Funds Rate and the Channels of Monetary Transmission, „American Economic Review”, 82(4): 901–921.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bernanke, B., Mihov, I. (1998), Measuring Monetary Policy, „The Quarterly Journal of Economics”, CXIII: 315–334.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bernanke, B., Boivin, J., Eliasz, P. (2005), Measuring the Effects of Monetary Policy: AFactor-Augmented Vector Autoregressive (FAVAR) Approach, „The Quarterly Journal of Economics”, 120(1): 387–422.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bernoth, K., Hughes, H. A., Lewis, J. (2008), Did Fiscal Policy Makers Know What They Were Doing? Reassessing Fiscal Policy with Real Time Data, CEPR Discussion Papers no. 6758.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bertola, G., Drazen, A. (1993), Trigger Points and Budget Cuts: Explaining the Effects of Fiscal Austerity, „American Economic Review”, 83(1): 11–26.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bezděk, V., Dybczak, K., Kreidl, A. (2003), Cyclically Adjusted Fiscal Balance: OECD and ESCB Methods, „Czech Journal of Economics and Finance”, 53(11–12): 477–509.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bhattacharya, R., Mukherjee, S. (2010), Private Sector Consumption and Government Debt in Advanced Economies: An Empirical Study, IMF Working Paper no. 10/264.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bijmolt, T. H. A., Pieters, R. G. M. (2001), Meta-Analysis in Marketing when Studies Contain Multiple Measurements, „Marketing Letters”, 12(2): 157–169.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bilbiie, F. O., Monacelli, T., Perotti, R. (2019), Is Government Spending at the Zero Lower Bound Desirable?, „American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics”, 11(3): 147–173.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Blanchard, O. (1990), Comment on Giavazzi and Pagano (1990), „NBER Macroeconomics Annual”, O. Blanchard, S. Fischer (eds), 5: 111–116.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Blanchard, O. (2011), Makroekonomia, tłum. M. Dąbrowski i in., Oficyna a Wolters Kluwer business, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Blanchard, O., Leigh, D. (2012), Are We Underestimating Short-Term Fiscal Multipliers, [w:] International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook: Coping with High Debt and Sluggish Growth, International Monetary Fund, October, Washington: 41–43.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Blanchard, O., Leigh, D. (2013), Growth Forecast Error and Fiscal Multipliers, IMF Working Paper no. 12/1.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Blanchard, O., Perotti, R. (1999), An Empirical Characterization of the Dynamic Effects of Changes in Government Spending and Taxes on Output, NBER Working Papers no. 7269.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Blanchard, O., Perotti, R. (2002), An Empirical Characterization of the Dynamic Effects of Changes in Government Spending and Taxes on Output, „The Quarterly Journal of Economics”, 117(4): 1329–1368.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Blanchard, O., Watson, M. W. (1986), Are All Business Cycles Alike?, [w:] R. J. Gordon (ed.), The American Business Cycle: Continuity and Change, NBER: 123–180.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Blaug, M. (1994), Teoria ekonomii. Ujęcie retrospektywne. Postscriptum metodologiczne, tłum. I. Budzyńska, Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Blaug, M. (2000), Teoria ekonomii. Ujęcie retrospektywne, tłum. I. Budzyńska, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Blinder, A. S., Zandi, M. (2010), How the Great Recession Was Brought to an End, www.dismal. com/mark-zandi/documents/End-of-Great-Recession.pdf (data dostępu: 25.06.2018).
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bludnik, I. (2010), Neokeynesizm. Analiza krytyczna, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Poznaniu, Poznań.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bodenstein, M., Erceg, Ch. J., Guerrieri, L. (2017), The Effects of Foreign Shocks when Interest Rates Are at Zero, „Canadian Journal of Economics”, 50(3): 660–684.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Boivin, J., Giannoni, M. P., Mojon, B. (2008), How Has the Euro Changed the Monetary Transmission?, NBER Working Paper no. 14190.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Boivin, J., Giannoni, M. P., Stevanović, D. (2013), Dynamic Effects of Credit Shocks in a Data-Rich Environment, FRB of New York Staff Report no. 615.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Boivin, J., Kiley, M. T., Mishkin, F. S. (2010), How Has the Monetary Transmission Mechanism Evolved over Time?, [w:] B. M. Friedman, M. Woodford (eds), Handbook of Monetary Economics, 3, North Holland, Amsterdam: 369–422.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Born, B., Juessen, F., Mueller, J. (2013), Exchange Rate Regimes and Fiscal Multipliers, „Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control”, 37(2): 446–465.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Borys, P., Ciżkowicz, P., Rzońca, A. (2014), Panel Data Evidence on the Effects of Fiscal Policy Shocks in the EU New Member States, „Fiscal Studies”, 35(2): 189–224.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bouakez, H., Rebei, N. (2007), Why Does Private Consumption Rise After a Government Spending Shock?, „Canadian Journal of Economics”, 40(3): 954–979.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Boussard, J., Castro, de, F., Salto, M. (2013), Fiscal Multipliers and Public Debt Dynamics in Consolidations, [w:] Public Debt, Global Governance and Economic Dynamism, Springer, Milano: 167–211.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bouthevillain, C., Dufrénot, G. (2011), Are the Effects of Fiscal Changes Different in Times of Crisis and Non-Crisis? The French Case, „Revue d’économie Politique”, 121(3): 371–407.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Braun, R. A. (1994), Tax Disturbances and Real Economic Activity in the Postwar United States, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 33(3): 441–462.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Braun, R. A., Korber, L. M., Waki, Y. (2013), Small and Orthodox Fiscal Multipliers at the Zero Lower Bound, FRB of Atlanta Working Paper no. 2013-13.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Brinca, P., Holter, H. A., Krusell, P., Malafry, L. (2016), Fiscal Multipliers in the 21st Century, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 77: 53–69.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Buiter, W. H. (1977), ‘Crowding Out’ and the Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy, „Journal of Public Economics”, 7(3): 309–328.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Bukowski, H. (2015), Fiscal Consolidation as a Self-Fulfilling Prophecy on Fiscal Multipliers, NBP Working Paper no. 217.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Burnside, C., Eichenbaum, M., Fisher, J. D. M. (2004), Fiscal Shocks and Their Consequences, „Journal of Economic Theory”, 115(1): 89–117.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Caldara, D., Kamps, Ch. (2006), What Do We Know About the Effects of Fiscal Policy Shocks? A Comparative Analysis, Computing in Economics and Finance Series no. 257.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Caldara, D., Kamps, Ch. (2008), What Are the Effects of Fiscal Policy Shocks? A VAR-Based Comparative Analysis, ECB Working Paper Series no. 877.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Caldara, D., Kamps, Ch. (2010), The Analytics of the Sign Restriction Approach to Shock Identification: A Framework for Understanding the Empirical Macro Puzzles, Society for Economic Dynamics, Meeting Papers no. 335.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Caldara, D., Kamps, Ch. (2017), The Analytics of SVARs: A Unified Framework to Measure Fiscal Multipliers, „Review of Economic Studies”, 84(3): 1015–1040.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Calderón, C., Schmidt-Hebbel, K. (2008), Business Cycles and Fiscal Policies: The Role of Institutions and Financial Markets, Central Bank of Chile Working Papers no. 481.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Calvo, G. A. (1983), Staggered Prices in a Utility-Maximizing Framework, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 12(3): 383–398.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Campbell, J. Y. (1994), An Analytical Approach to the Stochastic Growth Model, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 33(3): 463–506.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Campbell, J. Y., Cochrane, J. (1999), By Force of Habit: A Consumption-Based Explanation of Aggregate Stock Market Behavior, „Journal of Political Economy”, 107(2): 205–251.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Campbell, J. Y., Mankiw, N. G. (1989), Consumption, Income and Interest Rates: Reinterpreting the Time Series Evidence, „NBER Macroeconomics Annual”, O. Blanchard, S. Fisher (eds), 4: 185–246.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Campbell, M., Levring, P. (2016), The Land Below Zero: Where Negative Interest Rates Are Normal, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-06-06/denmark-land-below-zero-where-negative-interest-rates-are-normal (data dostępu: 21.07.2018).
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Canova, F. (2007), Methods for Applied Macroeconomic Research, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Canova, F., Gambetti, L. (2009), Structural Changes in the US Economy: Is There a Role for Monetary Policy?, „Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control”, 33(2): 477–490.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Canova, F., Nicolo, de, G. (2002), Monetary Disturbances Matter for Business Fluctuations in the G-7, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 49(6): 1131–1159.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Canova, F., Pappa, E. (2007), Price Differentials in Monetary Unions: The Role of Fiscal Shocks, „The Economic Journal”, 117(520): 713–737.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Canova, F., Pappa, E. (2011), Fiscal Policy, Pricing Frictions and Monetary Accommodation, „Economic Policy”, 26(68): 555–598.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Canova, F., Paustian, M. (2010), Measurement with Some Theory: A New Approach to Evaluate Business Cycle Models, Barcelona Graduate School of Economics Working Papers no. 511.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Canova, F., Pérez Forero, F. (2015), Estimating Overidentified, Nonrecursive, Time-Varying Coefficients Structural Vector Autoregressions, „Quantitative Economics”, 6: 359–384.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Canzoneri, M., Collard, F., Dellas, H., Diba, B. (2015), Fiscal Multipliers in Recessions, Bank of International Settlements, https://www.bis.org/events/conf150310/dellas.pdf (data dostępu: 25.06.2018).
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Čapek, J., Crespo Cuaresma, J. (2018), We Just Estimated Twenty Million Fiscal Multiplier, Vienna University of Economics and Business, Department of Economics Working Paper no. 268.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Card, D., Kluve, J., Weber, A. (2010), Active Labour Market Policy Evaluations: A Meta-Analysis, „The Economic Journal”, 120(548): F452–F477.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Cardarelli, R., Elekdag, S., Lall, S. (2009), Financial Stress, Downturns and Recoveries, IMF Working Paper no. 09/100.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Carlstrom, Ch. T., Fuerst, T. S., Paustian, M. (2014), Fiscal Multipliers Under an Interest Rate Peg of Deterministic Versus Stochastic Duration, „Journal of Money, Credit and Banking”, 46(6): 1293–1312.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Carrillo, J. A., Poilly, C. (2013), How Do Financial Frictions Affect the Spending Multiplier During a Liquidity Trap?, „Review of Economic Dynamics”, 16(2): 296–311.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Carroll, Ch. D. (1992), The Buffer-Stock Theory of Saving: Some Macroeconomic Evidence, „Brookings Papers on Economic Activity”, 2: 61–156.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Carroll, Ch. D. (1997), Buffer-Stock Saving and the Life Cycle/Permanent Income Hypothesis, „The Quarterly Journal of Economics”, 112(1): 1–55.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Carroll, Ch. D. (2004), Theoretical Foundations of Buffer Stock Saving, Johns Hopkins University Working Paper no. 517.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Carroll, Ch. D., Samwick, A. A. (1998), How Important is Precautionary Saving?, „The Review of Economics and Statistics”, 80(3): 410–419.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Carroll, Ch. D., Weil, D. N. (1994), Saving and Growth: A Reinterpretation, „Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy”, 40: 133–192.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Carroll, Ch. D., Overland, J., Weil, D. N. (2000), Saving and Growth with Habit Formation, „American Economic Review”, 90(3): 341–355.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Castro, G., Felix, R. M., Julio, P., Maria, J. R. (2013), Fiscal Multiplier in a Small Euro Area Economy: How Big Can They Get in Crisis Times?, Banco de Portugal Working Paper no. 201311.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Catão, L., Suton, B. (2002), Sovereign Defaults: The Role of Volatility, IMF Working Papers no. 02/149.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Cavallari, L., Romano, S. (2017), Fiscal Policy in Europe: The Importance of Making It Predictable, „Economic Modelling”, 60: 81–97.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Charemza, W. W., Deadman, D. F. (1997), Nowa ekonometria, tłum. E. M. Syczewska, Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Chari, V. V., Kehoe, P. J. (1999), Optimal Fiscal and Monetary Policy, [w:] J. B. Taylor, M. Woodford (eds), Handbook of Macroeconomics, vol. 1c, chapter 26: 1671–1745.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Chari, V. V., Christiano, L. J., Kehoe, P. J. (1994), Optimal Fiscal Policy in a Business Cycle Model, „Journal of Political Economy”, 102(4): 617–652.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Chernozhukov, V., Hong, H. (2003), An MCMC Approach to Classical Estimation, „Journal of Econometrics”, 115(2): 293–346.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Chinn, M. (2013), Fiscal Multipliers, [w:] S. N. Durlauf, L. E. Blume (eds), The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, Palgrave Macmillan (edycja online).
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Chmielewski, T., Kapuściński, M., Kocięcki, A., Łyziak, T., Przystupa, J., Stanisławska, E., Wróbel, E. (2018), Mechanizm transmisji polityki pieniężnej w Polsce. Stan wiedzy w 2017 r., Materiały i Studia NBP nr 330.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Christiano, L. J., Eichenbaum, M. (1992), Current Real-Business-Cycle Theories and Aggregate Labor-Market Fluctuations, „American Economic Review”, 82(3): 430–450.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Christiano, L. J., Eichenbaum, M., Evans, Ch. (1998), Monetary Policy Shocks: What Have We Learned and to What End?, NBER Working Paper no. 6400.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Christiano, L. J., Eichenbaum, M., Evans, Ch. (2005), Nominal Rigidities and the Dynamic Effects of a Shock to Monetary Policy, „Journal of Political Economy”, 113(1): 1–45.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Christiano, L. J., Eichenbaum, M., Rebelo, S. (2011), When is the Government Spending Multiplier Large?, „Journal of Political Economy”, 119(1): 78–121.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ciżkowicz, P., Rzońca, A. (2005), Non-Keynesian Effects of Fiscal Contraction in New Member States, ECB Working Paper Series no. 519.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ciżkowicz, P., Rzońca, A. (2011), Mechanizmy oddziaływania deficytu fiskalnego na wzrost gospodarki, „Gospodarka Narodowa”, 10(242): 1–20.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Cloyne, J. (2011), What Are the Effects of Tax Changes in the United Kingdom? New Evidence from a Narrative Evaluation, CESifo Working Paper Series no. 3433.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Cochrane, J. H. (2017), The New-Keynesian Liquidity Trap, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 92: 47–63.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Coenen, G. (1998), Intertemporal Effects of Fiscal Policy in an RBC Model, Economic Research Group of the Deutsche Bundesbank Discussion Paper no. 2/98.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Coenen, G., Straub, R. (2005), Does Government Spending Crowd in Private Consumption? Theory and Empirical Evidence for the Euro Area, „International Finance”, 8(3): 435–470.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Coenen, G., Wieland, V. (2003), The Zero-Interest-Rate Bound and the Role of the Exchange Rate for Monetary Policy in Japan, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 50(5): 1071–1101.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Coenen, G., McAdam, P., Straub, R. (2007), Tax Reform and Labour-Market Performance in the Euro Area: A Simulation-Based Analysis Using the New Area-Wide Model, ECB Working Papers no. 747.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Coenen, G., Straub, R., Trabandt, M. (2012), Fiscal Policy and the Great Recession in the Euro Area, „American Economic Review”, 102(3): 71–76.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Coenen, G., Straub, R., Trabandt, M. (2013), Gauging the Effects of Fiscal Stimulus Packages in the Euro Area, „Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control”, 37: 367–386.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Cogan, J. F., Cwik, T., Taylor, J. B., Wieland, V. (2010), New Keynesian Versus Old Keynesian Government Spending Multipliers, „Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control”, 34(3): 281–295.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Coenen, G., Erceg, Ch. J., Freedman, Ch. i in. (2012), Effects of Fiscal Stimulus in Structural Models, „American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics”, 4(1): 22–68.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Cogley, T., Sargent, T. (2001), Evolving Post-World War II Inflation Dynamics, „NBER Macroeconomics Annual”, B. S. Bernanke, K. Rogoff (eds), 16: 331–373.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Cogley, T., Sargent, T. (2005), Drifts and Volatilities: Monetary Policies and Outcomes in the Post-WW II US, „Review of Economic Dynamics”, 8: 262–302.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Colander, D. C., Landreth, H. (2005), Historia myśli ekonomicznej, tłum. A. Szeworski, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Compton, R. A., Paterson, B. (2016), Military Spending and Growth: The Role of Institutions, „Defence and Peace Economics”, 27(3): 301–322.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Cook, D., Devereux, M. B. (2011), Optimal Fiscal Policy in a World Liquidity Trap, „European Economic Review”, 55: 443–462.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Cook, D., Devereux, M. B. (2013), Sharing the Burden: Monetary and Fiscal Responses to a World Liquidity Trap, „American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics”, 5(3): 190–228.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Cooley, T. F. (1995), Frontiers of Business Cycle Research, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Cooley, T. F., Leroy, S. F. (1985), Atheoretical Macroeconometrics: A Critique, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 16(3), 283–308.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Cooley, T. F., Ohanian, L. E. (1997), Postwar British Economic Growth and the Legacy of Keynes, „Journal of Political Economy”, 105(3): 439–472.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Coricelli, F. (2004), Fiscal Policy in an Enlarged EU, „Revue de l’OFCE” no. 91: 191–208.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Corsetti, G., Meier, A., Müller, G. (2012), What Determines Government Spending Multipliers?, „Economic Policy”, 27(72): 521–565.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Crespo Cuaresma, J., Eller, M., Mehrotra, A. (2011), The Economic Transmission of Fiscal Policy Shocks from Western to Eastern Europe, BOFIT Discussion Paper no. 12.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Cwik, T., Wieland, V. (2011), Keynesian Government Spending Multipliers and the Spillovers in the Euro Area, „Economic Policy”, 26(67): 493–549.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
D’Agostino, A., Gambetti, L., Giannone, D. (2013), Macroeconomic Forecasting and Structural Change, „Journal of Applied Econometrics”, 28(1): 82–101.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
D’Agostino, G., Dunne, J. P., Pieroni, L. (2013), Military Expenditure, Endogeneity and Economic Growth, University Library of Munich, MPRA Paper no. 45640.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
D’Agostino, G., Dunne, J. P., Pieroni, L. (2017), Does Military Spending Matter for Long-Run Growth?, „Defence and Peace Economics”, 28(4): 429–436.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
De Grauwe, P., Costa Storti, C. (2004), The Effects of Monetary Policy: A Meta-Analysis, CESifo Working Paper no. 1224.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Deaton, A. S. (1991), Saving and Liquidity Constraints, „Econometrica”, 59(5): 1221–1248.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Deaton, A. S., Paxson, Ch. (1994), Saving, Growth, and Aging in Taiwan, [w:] D. A. Wise (ed.), Studies in the Economics of Aging, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.: 331–362.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Del Negro, M., Otrok, Ch. (2007), 99 Luftballons: Monetary Policy and the House Price Boom Across U.S. States, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 54(7): 1962–1985.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Del Negro, M., Primiceri, G. (2014), Time-Varying Structural Vector Autoregressions and Monetary Policy: A Corrigendum, FRB of New York Staff Report no. 619.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Del Negro, M., Eggertsson, G., Ferrero, A., Kiyotaki, N. (2016), The Great Escape? A Quantitative Evaluation of the FED’s Liquidity Facilities, NBER Working Paper no. 22259.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Deskar-Škrbić, M., Šimović, H. (2015), The Size and Determinants of Fiscal Multipliers in Western Balkans: Comparing Croatia, Slovenia and Serbia, EFZG Working Paper Series, Working Paper no. 15-10.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Deskar-Škrbić, M., Šimović, H. (2017), The Effectiveness of Fiscal Spending in Croatia, Slovenia and Serbia: The Role of Trade Openness and Public Debt Level, „Post-Communist Economies”, 29(3): 336–358.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Diamond, P. A. (1965), National Debt in a Neoclassical Growth Model, „American Economic Review”, 55: 1126–1150.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Dixit, A. K., Stiglitz, J. E. (1977), Monopolistic Competition and Optimum Product Diversity, „American Economic Review”, 67(3): 297–308.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Dolls, M., Fuest, C., Peichl, A. (2012), Automatic Stabilizers and Economic Crisis: US vs. Europe, „Journal of Public Economics”, 96: 279–294.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Dotsey, M. (1990), The Economic Effects of Production Taxes in a Stochastic Growth Model, „American Economic Review”, 80(5): 1168–1182.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Dotsey, M., Mao, C. S. (1994), The Effects of Fiscal Policy in a Neoclassical Growth Model, FRB of Richmond Working Paper no. 94-03.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Drautzburg, T., Uhlig, H. (2015), Fiscal Stimulus and Distortionary Taxation, „Review of Economic Dynamics”, 18(4): 894–920.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Drazen, A. (2000), The Political Business Cycle After 25 Years, „NBER Macroeconomics Annual”, B. S. Bernanke, K. Rogoff (eds), 15: 75–138.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Duesenberry, J. S. (1949), Income, Saving, and the Theory of the Consumer Behavior, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Dungey, M., Fry, R. (2009), The Identification of Fiscal and Monetary Policy in a Structural VAR, „Economic Modelling”, 26(6): 1147–1160.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Dunlop, J. T. (1938), The Movement of Real and Money Wage Rates, „The Economic Journal”, 48(191): 413–434.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Działo, J. (2009), Polityczne uwarunkowania jakości instytucji fiskalnych, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
ECB (2004), Fiscal Policy Influences on Macroeconomic Stability and Prices, „ECB Monthly Bulletin”, April: 45–57.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
ECB (2016), Public Investment in Europe, https://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/other/eb201602_article02.en.pdf (data dostępu: 14.03.2018).
Zobacz w Google Scholar
ECB (2018), ECB Economic Bulletin, 2.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Edelberg, W., Eichenbaum, M., Fisher, J. (1999), Understanding the Effects of a Shock to Government Purchases, „Review of Economic Dynamics”, 2: 166–206.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Eggertsson, G. B. (2006), Fiscal Multipliers and Policy Coordination, FRB of New York, Staff Reports no. 241.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Eggertsson, G. B. (2008), Great Expectations and the End of the Depression, „American Economic Review”, 98(4): 1476–1516.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Eggertsson, G. B. (2010), What Fiscal Policy Is Effective at Zero Interest Rates?, „NBER Macroeconomics Annual”, D. Acemoglu, M. Woodford (eds), 25: 59–112.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Eggertsson, G. B., Krugman, P. (2012), Debt, Deleveraging, and the Liquidity Trap: A Fisher-Minsky-Koo Approach, „The Quarterly Journal of Economics”, 127(3): 1469–1513.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Eggertsson, G. B., Woodford, M. (2003), The Zero Bound on Interest Rates and Optimal Monetary Policy, „Brookings Papers on Economic Activity”, 34(1): 139–235.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Eggertsson, G. B., Woodford, M. (2004), Optimal Monetary and Fiscal Policy in a Liquidity Trap, NBER Working Papers no. 10840.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Eichenbaum, M., Fisher, J. D. M. (2005), Fiscal Policy in the Aftermath of 9/11, „Journal of Money, Credit and Banking”, 37(1): 1–22.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ellahie, A., Ricco, G. (2017), Government Purchases Reloaded: Informational Insufficiency and Heterogeneity in Fiscal VARS, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 90: 13–27.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Elmendorf, D. W., Mankiw, N. G. (1998), Government Debt, NBER Working Paper no. 6470.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Erceg, Ch. J., Lindé, J. (2011), Asymmetric Shocks in a Currency Union with Monetary and Fiscal Handcuffs, „NBER International Seminar on Macroeconomics”, 7(1): 95–136.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Erceg, Ch. J., Lindé, J. (2013), Fiscal Consolidation in a Currency Union: Spending Cuts vs. Tax Hikes, „Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control”, 37(2): 422–445.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Erceg, Ch. J., Lindé, J. (2014), Is There a Fiscal Free Lunch in a Liquidity Trap?, „Journal of the European Economic Association”, 12(1): 73–107.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Erceg, Ch. J., Guerrieri, L., Gust, Ch. (2006), SIGMA: A New Open Economy Model for Policy Analysis, „International Journal of Central Banking”, 2(1): 1–50.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
European Commission (2000), Public Finances in EMU-2000, European Economy no. 3.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
European Commission (2008), Communication from the Commission to the European Council: A European Economic Recovery Plan, Brussels, 26.11.2008.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
European Commission (2009), Public Finances in EMU, European Economy no. 5.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
European Commission (2012), Report on Public Finances in EMU-2012, European Economy no. 4.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Farhi, E., Werning, I. (2012), Fiscal Multipliers: Liquidity Traps and Currency Unions, NBER Working Paper no. 18381.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Fatás, A., Mihov, I. (2001), The Effects of Fiscal Policy on Consumption and Employment: Theory and Evidence, CEPR Discussion Papers no. 2760.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Fatás, A., Mihov, I. (2003a), The Case for Restricting Fiscal Policy Discretion, „The Quarterly Journal of Economics”, 118(4): 1419–1447.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Fatás, A., Mihov, I. (2003b), On Constraining Fiscal Policy Discretion in EMU, „Oxford Review of Economic Policy”, 19(1): 112–131.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Fatás, A., Mihov, I. (2010), The Euro and Fiscal Policy, [w:] A. Alesina, F. Giavazzi (eds), Europe and the Euro, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.: 287–324.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Faust, J. (1998), The Robustness of Identified VAR Conclusions About Money, „Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy”, 49: 207–244.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Favero, C. (2002), How do European Monetary and Fiscal Authorities Behave? IGIER –Università Bocconi Working Paper no. 214.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Favero, C., Giavazzi, F. (2007), Debt and the Effects of Fiscal Policy, NBER Working Papers no. 12822.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Favero, C., Giavazzi, F. (2010), Reconciling VAR-Based and Narrative Measures of the Tax-Multiplier, Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research, Bocconi University, Working Paper no. 361.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Favero, C., Giavazzi, F. (2012), Measuring Tax Multipliers: The Narrative Method in Fiscal VARs, „American Economic Journal: Economic Policy”, 4(2): 69–94.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Fazzari, S. M., Morley, J., Panovska, I. (2013), State-Dependent Effects of Fiscal Policy, Australian School of Business Working Paper no. 2012 ECON 27A.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
F-de-Còrdoba, G., Torres, J. L. (2016), National Security, Military Spending and the Business Cycle, „Defence and Peace Economics”, 27(4): 549–570.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Federowicz, Z. (1998), Polityka fiskalna, Wydawnictwo Wyższej Szkoły Bankowej, Poznań.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Feldstein, M. (2009), Rethinking the Role of Fiscal Policy, „American Economic Review”, 99(2): 556–559.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Fernández-Villaverde, J. (2010), Fiscal Policy in a Model with Financial Friction, „American Economic Review”, 100(2): 35–40.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Fernández-Villaverde, J., Gordon, G., Guerrón-Quintana, P., Rubio-Ramírez, J. F. (2012), Nonlinear Adventures at the Zero Lower Bound, FRB of Philadelphia Working Papers no. 12-10.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Filardo, A. J. (1994), Business-Cycle Phases and Their Transitional Dynamics, „Journal of Business and Economic Statistics”, 12(3): 299–308.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Finn, M. G. (1998), Cyclical Effects of Government’s Employment and Goods Purchases, „International Economic Review”, 39(3): 635–657.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Finn, M. G. (2000), Perfect Competition and the Effects of Energy Price Increases on Economic Activity, „Journal of Money, Credit and Banking”, 32(2): 400–416.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Fiorito, R. (1997), Stylized Facts of Government Finance in the G-7, IMF Working Paper no. 97/142.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Fiorito, R., Kollintzas, T. (1994), Stylized Facts of Business Cycles in the G7 from a Real Business Cycles Perspective, „European Economic Review”, 38: 235–269.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Fischer, S. (2016), Monetary Policy, Financial Stability, and the Zero Lower Bound, „American Economic Review”, 106(5): 39–42.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Fishback, P. V., Kachanovskaya, V. (2010), In Search of the Multiplier for Federal Spending in the States During the Great Depression, NBER Working Paper no. 16561.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Foresti, P., Marani, U. (2014), Expansionary Fiscal Consolidations: Theoretical Underpinnings and Their Implications for the Eurozone, „Contributions to Political Economy”, 33(1): 19–33.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Forlati, Ch. (2009), Optimal Monetary and Fiscal Policy in the EMU: Does Fiscal Policy Coordination Matter?, Center for Fiscal Policy Working Paper Series, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne Working Papers no. 04-2009.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Fornaro, L. (2018), International Debt Deleveraging, „Journal of the European Economic Association”, 16(5): 1394–1432.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Forni, M., Gambetti, L. (2010), Fiscal Foresight and the Effects of Government Spending, Barcelona Graduate School of Economics Working Papers no. 460.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Forni, M., Gambetti, L. (2016), Government Spending Shocks in Open Economy VARs, „Journal of International Economics”, 99: 68–84.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Fostel, A., Geanakoplos, J. (2008), Leverage Cycles and the Anxious Economy, „American Economic Review”, 98(4): 1211–1244.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Frankel, J. A., Végh, C. A., Vuletin, G. (2013), On Graduation from Fiscal Procyclicality, „Journal of Development Economics”, 100(1): 32–47.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Friedman, M. (1948), A Monetary and Fiscal Framework for Economic Stability, „American Economic Review”, 38(3): 245–264.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Friedman, M. (1953), The Effects of a Full-Employment Policy on Economic Stability: A Formal Analysis, [w:] M. Friedman, Essays in Positive Economics, Chicago University Press, Chicago: 117–132.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Friedman, M. (1957), The Permanent Income Hypothesis, [w:] M. Friedman (ed.), A Theory of the Consumption Function, National Bureau of Economic Research, Princeton University Press, Princeton: 20–37.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Fry, R., Pagan, A. (2007), Some Issues in Using Sign Restrictions for Identifying Structural VARs, NCER Working Paper Series no. 14.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Fry, R., Pagan, A. (2011), Sign Restrictions in Structural Vector Autoregressions: A Critical Review, „Journal of Economic Literature”, 49(4): 938–960.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Fujiwara, I., Ueda, K. (2013), The Fiscal Multiplier and Spillover in a Global Liquidity Trap, „Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control”, 37(7): 1264–1283.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Fujiwara, I., Nakajima, T., Sudo, N., Teranishi, Y. (2013), Global Liquidity Trap, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 60(8): 936–949.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Furceri, D., Mourougane, A. (2010), The Effects of Fiscal Policy on Output: A DSGE Analysis, OECD Economics Department Working Papers no. 770.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Galí, J. (1994), Keeping up with Joneses: Consumption Externalities, Portfolio Choice, and Asset Prices, „Journal of Money, Credit and Banking”, 26(1): 1–8.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Galí, J., Monacelli, T. (2008), Optimal Monetary and Fiscal Policy in a Currency Union, „Journal of International Economics”, 76(1): 116–132.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Galí, J., Perotti, R. (2003), Fiscal Policy and Monetary Integration in Europe, „Economic Policy”, 18(37): 533–572.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Galí, J., López-Salido, J. D., Vallés, J. (2004), Rule-of-Thumb Consumers and the Design of Interest Rate Rules, NBER Working Paper no. 10392.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Galí, J., López-Salido, J. D., Vallés, J. (2005), Understanding the Effects of Government Spending on Consumption, CEPR Discussion Papers no. 5212.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Gambetti, L. (2012), Fiscal Foresight, Forecast Revisions and the Effects of Government Spending in the Open Economy, Barcelona Graduate School of Economics Working Papers no. 644.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Gambetti, L., Pappa, E., Canova, F. (2008), The Structural Dynamics of U.S. Output and Inflation: What Explains the Changes?, „Journal of Money, Credit and Banking”, 40: 369–388.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Gavin, M., Perotti, R. (1997), Fiscal Policy in Latin America, „NBER Macroeconomics Annual”, B. S. Bernanke, J. J. Rotemberg (eds), 12: 11–72.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Gavin, M., Hausmann, R., Perotti, R., Talvi, E. (1996), Managing Fiscal Policy in Latin America and the Caribbean: Volatility, Procyclicality, and Limited Creditworthiness, Inter-American Development Bank Working Paper no. 326.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Geanakoplos, J. (2014), Leverage, Default, and Forgiveness: Lessons from the American and European Crises, „Journal of Macroeconomics”, 39: 313–333.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Gechert, S. (2015), What Fiscal Policy is Most Effective? A Meta-Regression Analysis, „Oxford Economic Papers”, 67(3): 553–580.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Gechert, S., Mentges, R. (2013), What Drives Fiscal Multipliers? The Role of Private Wealth and Debt, IMK Working Paper no. 124.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Gechert, S., Rannenberg, A. (2014), Are Fiscal Multipliers Regime-Dependent? A Meta Regression Analysis, Institut für Makroökonomie und Konjunkturforschung Working Paper no. 139.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Gechert, S., Will, H. (2012), Fiscal Multipliers: A Meta Regression Analysis, Institut für Makroökonomie und Konjunkturforschung Working Paper no. 97.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Gechert, S., Hallett, A. H., Rannenberg, A. (2015), Fiscal Multipliers in Downturns and the Effects of Eurozone Consolidation, CEPR Policy Insight no. 79.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Gemmell, N., Kneller, R., Sanz, I. (2011), The Timing and Persistence of Fiscal Policy Impacts on Growth: Evidence from OECD Countries, „The Economic Journal”, 121(550): F33–F58.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Gerba, E., Hauzenberger, K. (2013), Estimating US Fiscal and Monetary Interactions in a Time Varying VAR, School of Economics Discussion Papers no. 1303.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Giavazzi, F., Pagano, M. (1990), Can Severe Fiscal Contractions Be Expansionary? Tales of Two Small European Countries, „NBER Macroeconomics Annual”, O. J. Blanchard, S. Fisher (eds), 5: 75–122.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Giavazzi, F., Pagano, M. (1996), Non-Keynesian Effects of Fiscal Policy Changes: International Evidence and the Swedish Experience, „Swedish Economic Policy Review”, 3: 67–103.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Giavazzi, F., Jappelli, T., Pagano, M. (2000), Searching for Non-Linear Effects of Fiscal Policy: Evidence from Industrial and Developing Countries, „European Economic Review”, 44(7): 1259–1289.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Giordano, R., Momigliano, S., Neri, S., Perotti, R. (2007), The Effects of Fiscal Policy in Italy: Evidence from a VAR Model, „European Journal of Political Economy”, 23(3): 707–733.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Giorno, C., Richardson, P., Roseveare, D., Noord, van den, P. (1995), Estimating Potential Output, Output Gaps and Structural Budget Deficits, OECD, Paris, Economics Department Working Paper no. 152.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Giudice, G., Turrini, A., Veld, in’t, J. (2007), Non-Keynesian Fiscal Adjustments? A Close Look at Expansionary Fiscal Consolidations in the EU, „Open Economies Review”, 18(5): 613–630.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Golinelli, R., Momigliano, S. (2006), Real-Time Determinants of Fiscal Policies in Euro Area, „Journal of Policy Modeling”, 28(9): 943–964.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Goodfriend, M., King, R. (1997), The New Neoclassical Synthesis and the Role of Monetary Policy, „NBER Macroeconomics Annual”, B. S. Bernanke, J. J. Rotemberg (eds), 12: 231–296.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Gordon, D., Leeper, E. (1994), The Dynamic Impact of Monetary Policy: An Exercise in Tentative Identification, „Journal of Political Economy”, 102: 1128–1147.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Gorodnichenko, Y., Mendoza, E. G., Tesar, L. L. (2012), The Finnish Great Depression: From Russia with Love, „American Economic Review”, 102(4): 1619–1644.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Granger, C. W., Teräsvirta, T. (1993), Modelling Nonlinear Economic Relationships, Oxford University Press, New York.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Grdović Gnip, A. (2014), The Power of Fiscal Multipliers in Croatia, „Financial Theory and Practice”, 38(2): 173–219.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Greenwood, J., Hercowitz, Z., Huffman, G. W. (1988), Investment, Capital Utilization, and the Real Business Cycle, „American Economic Review”, 78(3): 402–417.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Grishchenko, O. V. (2010), Internal vs. External Habit Formation: The Relative Importance for Asset Pricing, „Journal of Economics and Business”, 62(3): 176–194.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Guajardo, J., Leigh, D., Pescatori, A. (2011), Expansionary Austerity: New International Evidence, IMF Working Paper no. 11/158.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hagen, von, J., Harden, I. (1994), National Budget Processes and Fiscal Performance, „European Economy Reports and Studies”, 3: 311–418.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hagen, von, J., Harden, I. (1995), Budget Processes and Commitment to Fiscal Discipline, „European Economic Review”, 39(3–4): 771–779.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hagen, von, J., Hallett, A. H., Strauch, R. (2002), Budgetary Consolidations in Europe: Quality, Economic Conditions and Persistence, „Journal of Japanese and International Economics”, 16(4): 512–535.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hall, R. E. (2009), By How Much Does GDP Rise If the Government Buys More Output?, „Brookings Papers on Economic Activity”, Fall: 183–231.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hallerberg, M., Strauch, R. (2002), On the Cyclicality of Public Finances in Europe, „Empirica”, 29(3): 183–207.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hallerberg, M., Hagen, von, J. (1999), Electoral Institutions, Cabinet Negotiations, and Budget Defi in the European Union, [w:] J. Poterba, J. von Hagen (eds), Fiscal Institutions and Fiscal Performance, University of Chicago Press, Chicago: 209–232.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hamilton, J. D. (1985), Historical Causes of Postwar Oil, Shocks and Recessions, „The Energy Journal”, 6: 97–116.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hamilton, J. D. (1989), A New Approach to the Economic Analysis of Nonstationary Time Series and the Business Cycle, „Econometrica”, 57(2): 357–384.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hamilton, J. D. (1990), Analysis of Time Series Subject to Changes in Regime, „Journal of Econometrics”, 45: 39–70.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hansen, A. H. (1949), Monetary Theory and Fiscal Policy, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hansen, A. H. (1953), A Guide to Keynes, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hansen, G. D. (1985), Indivisible Labor and the Business Cycle, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 16(3): 309–327.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hansen, G. D., Prescott, E. C. (1993), Did Technology Shocks Cause the 1990–1991 Recession?, „American Economic Review”, 83(2): 280–286.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Haug, A., Jędrzejowicz, T., Sznajderska, A. (2013), Combining Monetary and Fiscal Policy in an SVAR for a Small Open Economy, NBP Working Paper no. 168.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hayo, B., Uhl, M. (2012), Regional Effects of Federal Tax Shocks, MAGKS Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics no. 17.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hemming, R., Kell, M., Mahfouz, S. (2002), The Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy in Stimulating Economic Activity: A Review of the Literature, IMF Working Paper no. 02/208.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hercowitz, Z., Strawczynski, M. (2004), Cyclical Ratcheting in Government Spending: Evidence from the OECD, „The Review of Economics and Statistics”, 86(1): 353–361.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hibbs, D. A., Jr. (1986), Political Parties and Macroeconomic Policies and Outcomes in the United States, „American Economic Review”, 76(2): 66–70.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hibbs, D. A., Jr. (1992), Partisan Theory After Fifteen Years, „European Journal of Political Economy”, 8(3): 361–373.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hicks, J. R. (1937), Mr Keynes and the „Classics”: A Suggested Interpretation, „Econometrica”, 5(2): 147–159.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hloušek, M. (2017), Fiscal Multipliers and the Zero Lower Bound, „Ekonomický časopis”, 65(4): 305–318.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Homer, S., Sylla, R. (2005), History of Interest Rates, Wiley Finance, Hoboken, NJ.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Höppner, F., Wesche, K. (2000), Non-Linear Effects of Fiscal Policy in Germany: A Markov-Switching Approach, Bonn Econ Discussion Papers no. 9.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hory, M. P. (2016), Fiscal Multipliers in Emerging Market Economies: Can We Learn Something from Advanced Economies?, „International Economics”, 146(C): 59–84.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hübner, D. (1992), Makroekonomiczna polityka stabilizacyjna, Instytut Rozwoju i Studiów Strategicznych, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hübner, D., Lubiński, M. (1989), Współczesny cykl koniunkturalny, Państwowe Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Hulten, C., Schwab, R. (1993), Infrastructure Spending: Where Do We Go from Here?, „National Tax Journal”, 46(3): 261–273.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ilzetzki, E. (2011), Rent-Seeking Distortions and Fiscal Procyclicality, „Journal of Development Economics”, 96(1): 30–46.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ilzetzki, E., Végh, C. A. (2008), Procyclical Fiscal Policy in Developing Countries: Truth or Fiction?, NBER Working Paper no. 14191.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ilzetzki, E., Mendoza, E. G., Végh, C. A. (2013), How Big (Small?) Are Fiscal Multipliers?, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 60(2): 239–254.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
IMF (2008), Fiscal Policy as a Counter-Cyclical Tool, [w:] The World Economic Outlook, Chapter 5, October: 159–196.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
IMF (2010a), Will It Hurt? Macroeconomic Effects of Fiscal Consolidations, [w:] The World Economic Outlook, Chapter 3, October: 93–124.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
IMF (2010b), Press Points for Chapter 3: Will It Hurt? Macroeconomic Effects of Fiscal Consolidation, https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1057%2F978-1-349-95121-5_2191-1 (data dostępu: 25.06.2018).
Zobacz w Google Scholar
IMF (2012), Balancing Fiscal Policy Risk, „Fiscal Monitor”, April.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
IMF (2018), Assessing Fiscal Space: An Update and Stocktaking, IMF Policy Paper, Press Release no. 18/260.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Jappelli, T., Padula, M., Pistaferri, L. (2005), A Direct Test of the Buffer-Stock Model of Saving, Centre for Studies in Economics and Finance, University of Salerno Working Paper no. 150.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Jobst, A., Lin, H. (2016), Negative Interest Rate Policy (NIRP): Implications for Monetary Transmission and Bank Profitability in the Euro Area, IMF Working Paper no. 16/172.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Jordà, Ò. (2005), Estimation and Inference of Impulse Responses by Local Projections, „American Economic Review”, 95(1): 161–182.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Justiniano, A., Primiceri, G. E., Tambalotti, A. (2015), Household Leveraging and Deleveraging, „Review of Economic Dynamics”, 18(1): 3–20.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Kahn, R. F. (1931), The Relation of Home Investment to Unemployment, „The Economic Journal”, 41(162): 173–198.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Kaminsky, G. L., Reinhart, C. M., Végh, C. A. (2004), When It Rains, It Pours: Procyclical Capital Flows and Macroeconomic Policies, „NBER Macroeconomics Annual”, M. Gertler, K. Regoff (eds), 19: 11–82.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Keynes, J. M. (1936), The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money, Macmillan, London.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Kiley, M. (2016), Policy Paradoxes in the New-Keynesian Model, „Review of Economic Dynamics”, 21: 1–15.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Kim, I. M., Loungani, P. (1992), The Role of Energy in Real Business Cycle Models, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 29(2): 173–189.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
King, R., Plosser, Ch., Rebelo, S. (1988), Production, Growth and Business Cycles: I. The Basic Neoclassical Model, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 21(2–3): 195–232.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Kirchner, M., Cimadomo, J., Hauptmeier, S. (2010), Transmission of Government Spending Shocks in the Euro Area: Time Variation and Driving Forces, EBC Working Paper no. 1219.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Kiyotaki, N., Moore, J. (2012), Liquidity, Business Cycles, and Monetary Policy, NBER Working Paper no. 17934.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ko, J. H., Morita, H. (2018), Regime Switches in Japan’s Fiscal Policy: Markov-Switching VAR Approach, The Manchester School, early view, https://doi.org/10.1111/manc.12261 (data dostępu: 24.06.2019).
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Kokoszczyński, R., Łyziak, T., Pawłowska, M., Przystupa, J., Wróbel, E. (2002), Mechanizm transmisji polityki pieniężnej – współczesne ramy teoretyczne, nowe wyniki empiryczne dla Polski, Materiały i Studia NBP nr 151.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Komisja Europejska (2011), Pakiet dotyczący badań, innowacyjności i konkurencyjności. Wniosek. Rozporządzenie Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady ustanawiające Program na rzecz konkurencyjności przedsiębiorstw oraz małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw (2014–2020), KOM(2011) 834 wersja ostateczna, 2011/0394 (COD).
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Kowalski, T. (2001), Proces formułowania oczekiwań a teoria cyklu wyborczego. Implikacje dla polityki gospodarczej, Wydawnictwo Akademii Ekonomicznej w Poznaniu, Poznań.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Krajewski, P. (2011), Podażowe efekty polityki fiskalnej w świetle modelu realnego cyklu koniunkturalnego i wnioski dla gospodarki, „Ekonomista”, 4: 551–571.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Krajewski, P. (2013), Oddziaływanie polityki fiskalnej na wahania koniunktury w Polsce, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Krajewski, P. (2017), Regionalne zróżnicowanie oddziaływania wydatków rządowych na zatrudnienie – wnioski z analizy SVAR, „Bank i Kredyt”, 48(1): 73–96.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Krajewski, P., Szymańska, A. (2018), Znaczenie wydatków wojskowych w ocenie efektów polityki fiskalnej, „Ekonomista”, 4: 425–441.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Krawczyk, M. (2007), O neutralności długu publicznego. Wokół ricardiańskiego teorematu ekwiwalentności – R. Barro, J. Tobin i inni, Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Krogstrup, S., Wyplosz, Ch. (2006), A Common Pool Theory of Deficit Bias Correction, CEPR Discussion Paper no. 5866.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Kropiwnicki, J. (1976), Teoria automatycznych stabilizatorów koniunktury, Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Krugman, P. R. (1998), It’s Baaack! Japan’s Slump and the Return of the Liquidity Trap, „Brookings Papers on Economic Activity”, 29(2): 137–206.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Krusell, P., Smith, A. A. (1996), Rules of Thumb in Macroeconomic Equilibrium: A Quantitative Analysis, „Journal of Economics and Control”, 20: 527–558.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Kuckuck, J., Westermann, F. (2014), On the Size of Fiscal Multipliers: A Counterfactual Analysis, „Economic Letters”, 123: 26–32.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Kumar, M. S., Leigh, D., Plekhanov, A. (2007), Fiscal Adjustments: Determinants and Macroeconomic Consequences, IMF Working Paper no. 07/178.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Kydland, F. E., Prescott, E. C. (1977), Rules Rather than Discretion: The Inconsistency of Optimal Plans, „Journal of Political Economy”, 85(3): 473–492.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Kydland, F. E., Prescott, E. C. (1980), A Competitive Theory of Fluctuations and the Feasibility and Desirability of Stabilization Policy, [w:] S. Fisher (ed.), Rational Expectations and Economic Policy, Chicago University Press, Chicago: 169–187.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Kydland, F. E., Prescott, E. C. (1982), Time to Build and Aggregate Fluctuations, „Econometrica”, 50(6): 1345–1370.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Lane, P. R. (2003), The Cyclical Behaviour of Fiscal Policy: Evidence from the OECD, „Journal of Public Economics”, 87(12): 2661–2675.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Lane, P. R., Tornell, A. (1996), Power, Growth, and the Voracity Effect, „Journal of Economic Growth”, 1(2): 213–241.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Lane, P. R., Tornell, A. (1999), The Voracity Effect, „American Economic Review”, 89(1): 22–46.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Lee, Y., Sung, T. (2007), Fiscal Policy, Business Cycles and Economic Stabilisation: Evidence from Industrialised and Developing Countries, „Fiscal Studies”, 28(4): 437–462.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Leeper, E. M., Richter, A. W., Walker, T. B. (2012), Quantitative Effects of Fiscal Foresight, „American Economic Journal: Economic Policy”, 4(2): 115–144.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Leeper, E. M., Traum, N., Walker, T. B. (2011), Clearning Up the Fiscal Multiplier Morass, NBER Working Paper no. 17444.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Leeper, E. M., Walker, T. B., Yang, S. Ch. S. (2008), Fiscal Foresight: Analytics and Econometrics, CAEPR Working Papers no. 2008-013, Indiana University Bloomington.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Leeper, E. M., Walker, T. B., Yang, S. Ch. S. (2013), Fiscal Foresight and Information Flows, „Econometrica”, 81(3): 1115–1145.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Lendvai, J. (2007), The Impact of Fiscal Policy in Hungary, „ECFIN Country Focus”, 4(11): 1–6.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Li, F., St-Amant, P. (2010), Financial Stress, Monetary Policy and Economic Activity, Bank of Canada Working Paper no. 2010-12.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Linnemann, L., Schabert, A. (2003), Fiscal Policy in the New Neoclassical Synthesis, „Journal of Money, Credit and Banking”, 35(6): 911–929.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Long, J. B., Plosser, Ch. I. (1983), Real Business Cycles, „Journal of Political Economy”, 91(1): 39–69.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Lubiński, M. (2004), Analiza koniunktury i badanie rynków, Dom Wydawniczy ELIPSA, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Lucas, R. E., Jr. (1972), Expectations and the Neutrality of Money, „Journal of Economic Theory”, 4(2): 103–124.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Lucas, R. E., Jr. (1975), An Equilibrium Model of the Business Cycle, „Journal of Political Economy”, 83(6): 1113–1144.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Lucas, R. E., Jr., Stokey, N. L. (1983), Optimal Fiscal and Monetary Policy in an Economy Without Capital, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 12(1): 55–93.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ludvigson, S. C. (1996), The Macroeconomics Effects of Government Debt in a Stochastic Growth Model, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 38(1): 25–45.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ludvigson, S. C., Michaelides, A. (2001), Does Buffer-Stock Saving Explain the Smoothness and Excess Sensitivity of Consumption, „American Economic Review”, 91(3): 631–647.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Lütkepohl, H. (2005), New Introduction to Multiple Time Series Analysis, Springer, Berlin–Heidelberg–New York.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Łaski, K., Osiatyński, J., Zięba, J. (2010), Mnożnik wydatków państwowych i szacunki jego wielkości dla Polski, Materiały i Studia NBP nr 246.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mackiewicz, M. (2010), Stabilizacyjna polityka fiskalna w krajach OECD, Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Madse, H. J. (1981), Partisanship and Macroeconomic Outcomes: AReconsideration, [w:] D. A. Hibbs Jr., H. Fassbender, R. D. Rivers (eds), Contemporary Political Economy: Studies on the Interdependence of Politics and Economics, North-Holland Publishing, Amsterdam: 269–282.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Makarski, K. (2015), Mnożniki fiskalne w modelu z ograniczeniami kredytowymi, Materiały i Studia NBP nr 318.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Manasse, P. (2006), Procyclical Fiscal Policy: Shocks, Rules, and Institutions: A View from MARS, IMF Working Paper no. 06/27.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mankiw, N. G. (1985), Small Menu Costs and Large Business Cycles: A Macroeconomic Model of Monopoly, „The Quarterly Journal of Economics”, 100(2): 529–537.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mankiw, N. G. (2000), The Savers-Spenders Theory of Fiscal Policy, „American Economic Review”, 90(2): 120–125.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Markiewicz, M., Siwińska, J. (2003), Wydatki sztywne budżetu państwa, Centrum Analiz Społeczno-Ekonomicznych, Studia i Analizy CASE, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
McGrattan, E. R. (1994), The Macroeconomic Effects of Distortionary Taxation, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 33(3): 573–601.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
McGrattan, E. R., Ohanian, L. E. (2010), Does Neoclassical Theory Account for the Effects of Big Fiscal Shocks? Evidence from World War II, „International Economic Review”, 51(2): 509–532.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mencinger, J., Aristovnik, A. (2013), Fiscal Policy Stance in the European Union: The Impact of the Euro, MPRA Paper no. 44708.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mencinger, J., Aristovnik, A., Verbič, M. (2017), Asymmetric Effects of Fiscal Policy in EU and OECD Countries, „Economic Modeling”, 61(C): 448–461.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mendoza, E. G. (1991), Real Business Cycles in a Small Open Economy, „American Economic Review”, 81(4): 797–818.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mertens, K., Ravn, M. O. (2009), Empirical Evidence on the Aggregate Effects of Anticipated and Unanticipated US Tax Policy Shocks, CEPR Discussion Papers no. 7370.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mertens, K., Ravn, M. O. (2011), Understanding the Aggregate Effects of Anticipated and Unanticipated Tax Policy Shocks, „Review of Economic Dynamics”, 14(1): 27–54.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mertens, K., Ravn, M. O. (2012), Empirical Evidence on the Aggregate Effects of Anticipated and Unanticipated US Tax Policy Shocks, „American Economic Journal: Economic Policy”, 4(2): 145–181.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mertens, K., Ravn, M. O. (2014), A Reconciliation of SVAR and Narrative Estimates of Tax Multipliers, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 68: S1–S19.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
MF (2015), Analiza elastyczności wydatków budżetowych w Polsce. Podsumowanie wyników współpracy z OECD, Departament Polityki Wydatkowej MF, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Michaelis, H., Watzka, S. (2017), Are There Differences in the Effectiveness of Quantitative Easing at the Zero-Lower-Bound in Japan Over Time?, „Journal of International Money and Finance”, 70: 204–233.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mineshima, A., Poplawski-Ribeiro, M., Weber, A. (2014), Size of Fiscal Multipliers, [w:] C. Cottarelli, P. R. Gerson, A. S. Senhadji (eds), Post-Crisis Fiscal Policy, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA: 315–372.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mirdala, R. (2009), Effects of Fiscal Policy Shocks in the European Transition Economies, „Journal of Applied Research in Finance”, 1(2): 141–157.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mirdala, R., Kamenik, M. (2017), Effects of Fiscal Policy Shocks in CE3 Countries (TVAR Approach), „E+ M Ekonomie a Management”, 20(2): 46–65.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mitra, K., Evans, G. W., Honkapohja, S. (2013), Policy Change and Learning in the RBC Model, „Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control”, 37: 1947–1971.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mitra, K., Evans, G. W., Honkapohja, S. (2017), Fiscal Policy Multipliers in an RBC Model with Learning, „Macroeconomic Dynamics”, 23(1), https://doi.org/10.1017/S1365100516001176 (data dostępu: 20.09.2018).
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Miyamoto, W., Nguyen, T. L., Sergeyev, D. (2018), Government Spending Multipliers Under the Zero Lower Bound: Evidence from Japan, „American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics”, 10(3): 247–277.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Modigliani, F. (1944), Liquidity Preference and the Theory of Interest and Money, „Econometrica”, 12(1): 45–88.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Momigliano, S., Staderini, A. (1999), A New Method of Assessing the Structural Budget Balance: Results for the Years 1995–2000, [w:] Indicators of Structural Budget Balances, Banca d’Italia, Roma.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Monacelli, T., Perotti, R. (2007), Fiscal Policy, the Trade Balance, and the Real Exchange Rate: Implications for International Risk Sharing, Paper presented at the 8th Jacques Polak Annual Research Conference Hosted by the International Monetary Fund, Washington, DC, November 15–16.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Monacelli, T., Perotti, R., Trigari, A. (2010), Unemployment Fiscal Multipliers, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 57(5): 531–553.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mountford, A., Uhlig, H. (2009), What Are the Effects of Fiscal Policy Shocks?, „Journal of Applied Econometrics”, 24(6): 960–992.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mourougane, A., Vogel, L. (2008), Short-Term Distributional Effects of Structural Reforms: Selected Simulations in a DGSE Framework, OECD Economics Department Working Papers no. 648.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mourre, G., Astarita, C., Princen, S. (2014), Adjusting the Budget Balance for the Business Cycle: The EU Methodology, Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European Commission, no. 536.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Musgrave, R. A., Musgrave, P. B. (1984), Public Finance in Theory and Practice, McGraw-Hill Book Company.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Muth, J. F. (1961), Rational Expectations and the Theory of Price Movements, „Econometrica”, 29(3): 315–335.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Mydral, G. (1975), Polityka fi alna w cyklu koniunkturalnym, [w:] Teoria i polityka stabilizacji koniunktury, opr. A. Szeworski, Państwowe Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne, Warszawa: 158–175.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Nadolska, A. (2000), Polityka budżetowa, [w:] H. Ćwikliński (red.), Polityka gospodarcza, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, Gdańsk: 106–128.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Nakajima, J. (2011), Time-Varying Parameter VAR Model with Stochastic Volatility: An Overview of Methodology and Empirical Applications, „Monetary and Economic Studies”, 29: 107–142.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
NBER (2010), Announcement from the NBER’s Business Cycle Dating Committee, 9/20/10.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Neumann, T. (2003), Time-Varying Coefficient Models: A Comparison of Alternative Estimation Strategies, „Allgemeines Statistisches Archiv”, 87(3): 257–280.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Neusser, K. (2016), Time Series Econometrics, Springer.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Newey, W., West, K. (1994), Automatic Lag Selection in Covariance Matrix Estimation, „Review of Economic Studies”, 61: 631–653.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Nickel, Ch., Tudyka, A. (2014), Fiscal Stimulus in Times of High Debt: Reconsidering Multipliers and Twin Deficits, „Journal of Money, Credit and Banking”, 46(7): 1313–1344.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Noord, P., van den (2000), The Size and Role of Automatic Stabilizers in the 1990 and Beyond, OECD Working Paper no. 230.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Nordhaus, W. (1975), The Political Business Cycle, „Review of Economic Studies”, 42: 162–190.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Nordhaus, W. (1989), Alternative Approaches to Political Business Cycle, „Brookings Papers on Economic Activity”, 2: 1–49.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
OECD (1999), The Size and Role of Automatic Fiscal Stabilisers, Chapter IV, OECD Economic Outlook: 137–149.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
OECD (2002), Fiscal Stance over the Cycle: The Role of Debt, Institutions and Budget Constraints, OECD Publishing, Paris.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Oh, H., Reis, R. (2012), Targeted Transfers and the Fiscal Response to the Great Recession, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 59: 550–564.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ohanian, L. E. (1997), The Macroeconomic Effects of War Finance in the United States: World War II and the Korean War, „American Economic Review”, 87(1): 23–40.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Okun, A. M. (1981), Prices and Quantities: A Macroeconomic Analysis, Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Orphanides, A., Wieland, V. (1998), Price Stability and Monetary Policy Effectiveness when Nominal Interest Rates Are Bounded at Zero, Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Federal Reserve Board Working Paper no. 35.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Osiatyński, J. (2006), Finanse publiczne. Ekonomia i polityka, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Owsiak, S. (1999), Finanse publiczne. Teoria i praktyka, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Owsiak, S. (2015), Finanse, Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Owsiak, S. (2017), Finanse publiczne. Współczesne ujęcie, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Owsiak, S., Kosek-Wojnar, M., Surówka, K. (1993), Równowaga budżetowa. Deficyt budżetowy. Dług publiczny, Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Owyang, M. T., Ramey, V. A., Zubairy, S. (2013), Are Government Spending Multipliers Greater During Periods of Slack? Evidence from Twentieth-Century Historical Data, „American Economic Review”, 103(3): 129–134.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Parker, J. A. (2011), On Measuring the Effects of Fiscal Policy in Recessions, „Journal of Economic Literature”, 49(3): 703–718.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Parkin, M. (1986), The Output-Inflation Trade-off when Prices Are Costly to Change, „Journal of Political Economy”, 94(1): 200–224.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Patrzałek, L. (2000), Polityka budżetowa, [w:] B. Winiarski (red.), Polityka gospodarcza, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa: 443–465.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Pereira, M. C., Lopes, A. S. (2010), Time-Varying Fiscal Policy in the U.S., Banco the Portugal Working Paper no. 21.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Perotti, R. (1999), Fiscal Policy in Good Times and Bad, „The Quarterly Journal of Economics”, 114(4): 1399–1436.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Perotti, R. (2005), Estimating the Effects of Fiscal Policy in OECD Countries, Proceedings, FRB of San Francisco, San Francisco.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Perotti, R. (2007), In Search of the Transmission Mechanism of Fiscal Policy, „NBER Macroeconomics Annual”, D. Acemoglu, K. Rogoff, M. Woodford (eds), 22, 169–226.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Perotti, R. (2011), The „Austerity Myth”: Gain Without Pain?, NBER Working Paper no. 17571.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Perotti, R. (2012), The Effects of Tax Shocks on Output: Not So Large, But Not Small Either, „American Economic Journal: Economic Policy”, 4(2): 214–237.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Persson, T. (2002), Do Political Institutions Shape Economic Policy?, „Econometrica”, 70(3): 883–905.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Persson, T., Svensson, L. E. O. (1989), Why a Stubborn Conservative Would Run a Deficit: Policy with Time-Inconsistent Preferences, „The Quarterly Journal of Economics”, 104(2): 325–345.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Persson, T., Tabellini, G. (1997), Political Economics and Macroeconomic Policy, CEPR Discussion Papers no. 1759.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Persson, T., Tabellini, G. (2001), Political Institutions and Policy Outcomes: What Are the Stylized Facts?, CEPR Discussion Paper no. 2872.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Persson, T., Roland, G., Tabellini, G. (2003), How do Electoral Rules Shape Party Structures, Government Coalitions, and Economic Policies?, NBER Working Paper no. 10176.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Phelps, E. S. (1972), Inflation Policy and Unemployment Theory, Macmillan Press, London.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Phillips, P., Perron, P. (1988), Testing for a Unit Root in a Time Series Regression, „Biometrica”, 75: 335–346.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Pieroni L., Lorusso, M. (2013), The Role of Fiscal Policy Components in Private Consumption: A Re-examination of the Effects of Military and Civilian Spending, University Library of Munich, MPRA Paper no. 47878.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Pieroni, L., Lorusso, M. (2015), Are All the Fiscal Policy Shocks Identical? Analysing the Effects on Private Consumption of Civilian and Military Spending Shocks, University Library of Munich, MPRA Paper no. 69151.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Pietrewicz, M. (1993), Polityka fiskalna, Poltext, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Pollak, R. (1970), Habit Formation and Dynamic Demand Functions, „Journal of Political Economy”, 78(4): 745–763.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Poterba, J. M. (1988), Are Consumers Forward Looking? Evidence from Fiscal Experiments, „American Economic Review”, 78(2): 413–418.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Potjagailo, G. (2016), Spillover Effects from Euro Area Monetary Policy Across the EU: A Factor-Augmented VAR Approach, Kiel Working Paper no. 2033.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Prescott, E. C. (1986), Theory Ahead of Business Cycle Measurement, „Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Quarterly Review”, 10: 9–22.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Price, R. W. R., Dang, T. T., Botev, J. (2015), Adjusting Fiscal Balances for the Business Cycle: New Tax and Expenditure Elasticity Estimates for OECD Countries, OECD Economics Department Working Papers no. 1275.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Price, R. W. R., Dang, T. T., Guillemette, Y. (2014), New Tax and Expenditure Elasticity Estimates for EU Budget Surveillance, OECD Economics Department Working Papers no. 1174.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Primiceri, G. E. (2005), Time Varying Structural Vector Autoregressions and Monetary Policy, „Review of Economic Studies”, 72(3): 821–852.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ramey, V. A. (2009), Defense News Shocks, 1939–2008: An Analysis Based on News Sources, manuscript, http://econ.ucsd.edu/~vramey/research/Defense_News_Narrative.pdf (data dostępu: 22.10.2018).
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ramey, V. A. (2011), Identifying Government Spending Shocks: It’s all in the Timing, „The Quarterly Journal of Economics”, 126(1): 1–50.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ramey, V. A. (2012), Government Spending and Private Activity, NBER Working Paper no. 17787.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ramey, V. A., Shapiro, M. D. (1998), Costly Capital Reallocation and the Effects of Government Spending, „Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy”, 48(1): 145–194.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ramey, V. A., Zubairy, S. (2018), Government Spending Multipliers in Good Times and in Bad: Evidence from US Historical Data, „Journal of Political Economy”, 126(2): 850–901.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ratto, M., Roeger, W., Veld, in’t, J. (2009), QUEST III: An Estimated Open-Economy DSGE Model of the Euro Area with Fiscal and Monetary Policy, „Economic Modelling”, 26(1): 222–233.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ravn, M., Schmitt-Grohé, S., Uribe, M. (2006), Deep Habits, „Review of Economic Studies”, 73(1): 195–218.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Rebelo, S. (2005), Real Business Cycle Models: Past, Present and Future, „Scandinavian Journal of Economics”, 107(2): 217–238.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ricco, G. (2015), A New Identification of Fiscal Shocks Based on the Information Flow, European Central Bank Working Paper Series no. 1813.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Ricco, G., Callegari, G., Cimadomo, J. (2016), Signals from the Government: Policy Disagreement and the Transmission of Fiscal Shocks, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 82: 107–118.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Riera-Crichton, D., Végh, C. A, Vuletin, G. (2015), Procyclical and Countercyclical Fiscal Multipliers: Evidence from OECD Countries, „Journal of International Money and Finance”, 52(C): 15–31.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Roeger, W., Veld, in’t, J. (2009), Fiscal Policy with Credit Constrained Households, „European Economy, Economic Papers” no. 357.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Rogerson, R. (1988), Indivisible Labor, Lotteries and Equilibrium, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 21(1): 3–16.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Rogoff, K. (1990), Equilibrium Political Budget Cycles, „American Economic Review”, 80(1): 21–36.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Rogoff, K., Sibert, A. (1988), Elections and Macroeconomic Policy Cycles, „Review of Economic Studies”, 55(1): 1–16.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Romer, Ch. D., Bernstein, J. (2009), The Job Impact of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Plan, cyt. za: J. F. Cogan, T. Cwik, J. B. Taylor, V. Wieland (2010), New Keynesian Versus Old Keynesian Government Spending Multipliers, „Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control”, 34(3): 281–295.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Romer, Ch. D., Romer, D. H. (1989), Does Monetary Policy Matter: A New Test in the Spirit of Friedman and Schwartz, „NBER Macroeconomics Annual”, O. J. Blanchard, S. Fisher (eds), 4: 121–184.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Romer, Ch. D., Romer, D. H. (2004), A New Measure of Monetary Policy Shocks: Derivation and Implications, „American Economic Review”, 94(4): 1055–1084.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Romer, Ch. D., Romer, D. H. (2009), A Narrative Analysis of Postwar Tax Changes, University of California, Berkeley.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Romer, Ch. D., Romer, D. H. (2010), The Macroeconomic Effects of Tax Changes: Estimates Based on a New Measure of Fiscal Shocks, „American Economic Review”, 100(3): 763–801.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Romer, D. H. (2000), Makroekonomia dla zaawansowanych, tłum. A. Szeworski, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Rotemberg, J. J., Woodford, M. (1997), An Optimization-Based Econometric Framework for the Evaluation of Monetary Policy, „NBER Macroeconomics Annual”, B. S. Bernanke, J. J. Rotemberg (eds), 12: 297–361.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Rzońca, A. (2004a), Niekeynesowskie skutki zacieśnienia polityki fiskalnej. Zmodyfikowany model Blancharda. Część I, „Bank i Kredyt”, 10: 41–54.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Rzońca, A. (2004b), Niekeynesowskie skutki zacieśnienia polityki fiskalnej. Zmodyfikowany model Blancharda. Część II, „Bank i Kredyt”, 11–12: 24–34.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Rzońca, A. (2005a), Portfelowy efekt wypychania a mnożniki fiskalne. Część I, „Bank i Kredyt”, 1: 4–14.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Rzońca, A. (2005b), Portfelowy efekt wypychania a mnożniki fiskalne. Część II – Model Friedmana, „Bank i Kredyt”, 2: 4–14.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Rzońca, A. (2007a), Czy Keynes się pomylił? Skutki redukcji deficytu w Europie Środkowej, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Scholar, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Rzońca, A. (2007b), Efekty restrykcyjnej polityki fiskalnej w zmodyfikowanym modelu Mankiwa-Summersa, „Bank i Kredyt”, 6: 24–38.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Rzońca, A. (2014), Kryzys banków centralnych. Skutki stopy procentowej bliskiej zera, Wydawnictwo C.H. Beck, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Samuelson, P. A. (1948), Economics: An Introductory Analysis, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Samuelson, P. A. (1958), An Exact Consumption Loan Model of Interest with or without the Social Contrivance of Money, „Journal of Political Economy”, 66: 467–482.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Sargent, T. J., Wallace, N. (1975), „Rational” Expectations, the Optimal Monetary Instrument, and the Optimal Money Supply Rule, „Journal of Political Economy”, 83(2): 241–254.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Sargent, T. J., Wallace, N. (1976), Rational Expectations and the Theory of Economic Policy, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 2(2): 169–183.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Schmitt-Grohé, S., Uribe, A. M. (2008), Habit Persistence, [w:] S. N. Durlauf, L. E. Blume (eds), The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, Palgrave Macmillan, London, https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1057%2F978-1-349-95121-5_2191-1 (data dostępu: 27.09.2018).
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Sheremirov, V., Spirovska, S. (2015), Output Response to Government Spending: Evidence from New International Military Spending Data, FRB of Boston Working Papers no. 15-9.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Shevchuk, V., Kopych, R. (2018), Fiscal Policy Effects in Ukraine, „Argumenta Oeconomica Cracoviensia”, 18: 35–50.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Sims, Ch. (1980), Macroeconomics and Reality, „Econometrica”, 48: 1–49.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Sims, Ch., Stock, J., Watson, M. W. (1990), Inference in Linear Time Series Models with Some Unit Roots, „Econometrica”, 58: 113–144.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Sin, J. (2016), The Fiscal Multiplier in Small Open Economy: The Role of Liquidity Frictions, IMF Working Paper no. 16/138.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Smets, F., Wouters, R. (2003), An Estimated Stochastic Dynamic General Equilibrium Model of the Euro Area, „Journal of the European Economic Association”, 1(5): 1123–1175.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Smets, F., Wouters, R. (2007), Shocks and Frictions in US Business Cycles: A Bayesian DSGE Approach, „American Economic Review”, 97(3): 586–606.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Smith, A. (2007), Badania nad naturą i przyczynami bogactwa narodów. Część 2, tłum. B. Jasińska, A. Prejbisz, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Snowdon, B., Vane, H. R. (2003), Rozmowy z wybitnymi ekonomistami, tłum. M. A. Dąbrowski, P. Kawa, Dom Wydawniczy Bellona, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Snowdon, B., Vane, H. R., Wynarczyk, P. (1998), Współczesne nurty teorii makroekonomii, tłum. A. Szeworski, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Sorensen, B. E., Yosha, O. (2001), Is State Fiscal Policy Asymmetric over the Business Cycle?, „Economic Review”, 86(3): 43–64.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Sorensen, B. E., Wu, L., Yosha, O. (2001), Output Fluctuations and Fiscal Policy: U.S. State and Local Governments 1978–1994, „European Economic Review”, 45(7): 1271–1310.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Spilimbergo, A., Symansky, S., Schindler, M. (2009), Fiscal Multipliers, IMF Staff Position Note, SPN/09/11.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Stanley, T. D. (2008), Meta-Regression Methods for Detecting and Estimating Empirical Effects in the Presence of Publication Selection, „Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics”, 70(1): 103–127.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Stanley, T. D., Doucouliagos, H. (2012), Meta-Regression Analysis in Economics and Business, Routledge Advances in Research Methods, New York.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Stanley, T. D., Jarrell, S. B. (2005), Meta-Regression Analysis: A Quantitative Method of Literature Surveys, „Journal of Economic Surveys”, 19(3): 299–308.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Stein, E., Talvi, E., Grisanti, A. (1999), Institutional Arrangements and Fiscal Performance: The Latin American Experience, [w:] Fiscal Institutions and Fiscal Performance, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.: 103–134.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Stock, J. H., Watson, M. W. (2002), Forecasting Using Principal Components from a Large Number of Predictors, „Journal of the American Statistical Association”, 97(460): 1167–1179.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Stock, J. H., Watson, M. W. (2005), Implications of Dynamic Factor Models for VAR Analysis, NBER Working Paper no. 11467.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Stock, J. H., Watson, M. W. (2007), Why Has U.S. Inflation Become Harder to Forecast?, „Journal of Money, Banking and Credit”, 39(1): 3–33.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Stock, J. H., Watson, M. W. (2009), Forecasting in Dynamic Factor Models Subject to Structural Instability, [w:] J. L. Castle, N. Shephard (eds), The Methodology and Practice of Econometrics: A Festschrift in Honour of David F. Hendry, Oxford University Press, Oxford: 173–205.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Summers, L. (1991), How Should Long-Term Monetary Policy Be Determined?, „Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking”, 23 (Part 2): 625–631.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Sutherland, A. (1997), Fiscal Crises and Aggregate Demand: Can High Public Debt Reverse the Effects of Fiscal Policy?, „Journal of Public Economics”, 65(2): 147–162.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Svensson, L. E. O. (2000), The Zero Bound in an Open Economy: A Foolproof Way of Escaping from a Liquidity Trap, CEPR Discussion Papers no. 2566.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Svensson, L. E. O. (2003), Escaping from a Liquidity Trap and Deflation: The Foolproof Way and Others, „Journal of Economic Perspectives”, 17(4): 145–166.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Szörfi, B., Tóth, M. (2018), Measures of Slack in the Euro Area, „ECB Economic Bulletin”, iss. 3 – box 3: 31–35.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Tagkalakis, A. (2008), The Effects of Fiscal Policy on Consumption in Recessions and Expansions, „Journal of Public Economics”, 92: 1486–1508.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Talvi, E., Végh, C. A. (2005), Tax Base Variability and Procyclical Fiscal Policy in Developing Countries, „Journal of Development Economics”, 78(1): 156–190.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Tarshis, L. (1939), Changes in Real and Money Wages, „The Economic Journal”, 49(193): 150–154.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Taylor, J. B. (1993), Discretion Versus Policy Rules in Practice, „Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy”, 39(1): 195–214.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Taylor, J. B. (2000), Reassessing Discretionary Fiscal Policy, „Journal of Economic Perspectives”, 14(3): 21–36.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Taylor, J. B. (2014), The Role of Policy in the Great Recession and the Weak Recovery, „American Economic Review”, 104(5): 61–66.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Tenhofen, J., Wolff, G. B., Heppke-Falk, K. H. (2010), The Macroeconomic Effects of Exogenous Fiscal Policy Shocks in Germany: A Disaggregated SVAR Analysis, „Journal of Economics and Statistics” (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), 230(3): 328–355.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Tornell, A., Lane, P. R. (1998), Are Windfalls a Curse?: A Non-Representative Agent Model of the Current Account, „Journal of International Economics”, 44(1): 83–112.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Tsibouris, G. C., Horton, M. A., Flanagan, M. J., Maliszewski, W. S. (2006), Experience with Large Fiscal Adjustments, IMF Occasional Paper no. 246.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Uhlig, H. (2005), What Are the Effects of Monetary Policy? Results from an Agnostic Identification Procedure, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 52: 381–419.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Velasco, A. (1999), A Model of Endogenous Fiscal Deficits and Delayed Fiscal Reforms, [w:] J. Poterba, J. von Hagen (eds), Fiscal Institutions and Fiscal Performance, University of Chicago Press, Chicago: 37–58.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Velasco, A. (2000), Debts and Deficits with Fragmented Fiscal Policymaking, „Journal of Public Economics”, 76(1): 105–125.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Vickrey, W. S. (1954), Stability Through Inflation, [w:] K. K. Kurihara (ed.), Post-Keynesian Economics, Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, NJ: 89–122.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Wen, Y. (2009), An Analytical Approach to Buffer-Stock Saving, FRB of St. Louis Working Papers no. 2009-026.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Wernik, A. (2014), Finanse publiczne. Cele, struktury, uwarunkowania, Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Werning, I. (2011), Managing a Liquidity Trap: Monetary and Fiscal Policy, NBER Working Paper no. 17344.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Williams, J. C. (2009), Heeding Daedalus: Optimal Inflation and the Zero Lower Bound, „Brookings Papers on Economic Activity”, 2: 1–37.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Williamson, S. D. (2014), Macroeconomics, Pearson, 5th ed.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Williamson, S. D. (2019), Low Real Interest Rates and the Zero Lower Bound, „Review of Economic Dynamics”, 31: 36–62.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Wojtyna, A. (2000), Ewolucja keynesizmu a główny nurt ekonomii, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Wojtyna, A. (2003), Polityka makroekonomiczna w cyklu koniunkturalnym – nowe nurty w teorii, „Gospodarka Narodowa”, 5–6: 1–22.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Woo, J. (2009), Why Do More Polarized Countries Run More Pro-Cyclical Fiscal Policy, „The Review of Economics and Statistics”, 91(4): 850–870.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Woodford, M. (2011), Simple Analytics of the Government Expenditure Multiplier, „American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics”, 3(1): 1–35.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Woolf, E. N. (1998), Recent Trends in the Size Distribution of Households Wealth, „Journal of Economic Perspectives”, 12(3): 131–150.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Xing-Qi, J., Kitagawa, G. (1993), A Time-Varying Coefficients Vector AR Modeling of Nonstationary Covariance Time Series, „Signal Processing”, 33(3): 315–331.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Yang, S. Ch. S. (2005), Quantifying Tax Effects Under Policy Foresight, „Journal of Monetary Economics”, 52(8): 1557–1568.
Zobacz w Google Scholar
Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa – Użycie niekomercyjne – Bez utworów zależnych 4.0 Międzynarodowe.
Zgodnie z Komunikatem Prorektora UŁ ds. nauki dotyczącym systemu ScienceON od 15.09.2023 r. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego wprowadza dane o wszystkich publikacjach wydanych przez siebie...