The Shields of the Empire: Eastern Roman Military Elites during the Reigns of the Emperors Theodosius II, Marcian and Leo I

Acta synodorum habitarum Romae, [in:] MGH.AA, t. XII, ed. T. Mommsen, Berolini 1894.

Agathiae Myrinaei Historiarum libri quinque, ed. R. Keydell, Berolini 1967.

Candidus, Fragmenta, [in:] Fragmentary Classicising Historians of the Later Roman Empire: Eunapius, Olympiodorus, Priscus and Malchus, ed. R.C. Blockley, t. II, Text, Translation and Historiographical Notes, Liverpool 1983, p. 464–473.

Georgius Cedrenus, Synopsis Historikon, ed. A.I. Bekker, t. I–II, Bonnae 1838–1839.

The Codex of Justinian, ed. B.W. Frier, transl. F.H. Blume, vol. I–III, Cambridge 2016.

Claudian, t. II, ed. M. Platnauer, London 1922.

Gallische Chroniken, ed. J.M. Kotter, C. Scardino, Paderborn 2017.

Chronicon Paschale, ed. L. Dindorf, Bonnae 1832.

Constantine Porphyrogennetos, The Book of Ceremonies, transl. A. Moffat, M. Tall with the Greek edition of the Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae (Bonn, 1829), vol. I–II, Canberra 2012.

Continuatio Codicis Reichenaviensis, [in:] MGH.AA, t. IX, ed. T. Mommsen, Berolini 1892.

Theodosiani libri XVI cum constitutionibus Sirmondianis et leges Novellae ad Theodosianum pertinentes, ed. T. Mommsen, P. Meyer, Berolini 1905.

Kyrillos von Scythopolis, Leben des Euthymios, [in:] Vitae monachorum Palestinensium, ed. E. Schwartz, Leipzig 1939, p. 3–85.

Damascius, Philosophical History, ed. and transl. P. Athanassiadi, Athens 1999.

The Ecclesiastical History of Evagrius, ed. J. Bidez, L. Parmentier, London 1898.

Ghazar Pʻarpecʻi’s History of the Armenians, ed. R. Bedrosian, New York 1985.

Gregori Episcopi Turonensis Libri Historiarum X, [in:] MGH.SM rer. Merov., t. I, ed. B. Krusch, W. Levison, Hannoverae 1951.

Hydatii Limici Chronica Subdita, [in:] R.W. Burgess, The Chronicle of Hydatius and Consularia Constantinopolitana, Oxford 1993, p. 61–172.

Jean le Lydien, Des magistratures de l’État romain, trad. M. Dubuisson, J. Schamp, t. I–II, Paris 2006.

Iordanis Romana and Getica, [in:] MGH.AA, t. V, ed. T. Mommsen, Beriolini 1882, p. 53–138.

Iordanis Romana et Getica, [in:] MGH.AA, t. V, ed. T. Mommsen, Beriolini 1882, p. 1–52.

Sancti Leonis Magni Romani Pontificis Epistolae, [in:] PL, t. 54, Paris 1846, p. 581–1218.

Ioannis Malalae Chronographia, rec. J. Thurn, Berolini et Novi Eboraci 2000.

Malchos, Fragmenta, [in:] R.C. Blockley, Fragmentary Classicising Historians of the Later Roman Empire: Eunapius, Olympiodorus, Priscus and Malchus, ed. R.C. Blockley, t. II, Text, Translation and Historiographical Notes, t. II, Liverpool 1983, p. 402–462.

The Chronicle of Marcellinus, ed. B. Croke, Sydney 1995.

Das Strategikon des Maurikios, ed. G. Dennis, E. Gamillscheg, Wien 1981.

Flavius Merobaudes: A Translation and a Historical Commentary, ed. and transl. F.L. Clover, TAPhS 61, 1971, p. 1–78.

Moise de Khorene, Histoire d’Armenie, [in:] Collection des historiens anciens et moderne de l’Armenie, ed. V. Langlois, Paris 1869.

Theodosiani libri XVI cum constitutionibus Sirmondianis et leges Novellae ad Theodosianum pertinentes, ed. T. Mommsen, P. Meyer, Berolini 1905.

Notitia Dignitatum, ed. O. Seeck, Berolini 1876.

Olympiodorus, Fragmenta, [in:] Fragmentary Classicising Historians of the Later Roman Empire: Eunapius, Olympiodorus, Priscus and Malchus, ed. R.C. Blockley, t. II, Text, Translation and Historiographical Notes, Liverpool 1983, p. 152–221.

The Anonymous Byzantine Treatise on Strategy, [in:] Three Byzantine Military Treatises, ed. and transl. G. Dennis, Washington 1985, p. 9–135.

Philostorgios, Kirchengeschichte, ed. B. Bleckmann, M. Stein, Paderborn 2015.

Zachariah of Mitylene, Syriac Chronicle, ed., transl. F.J. Hamilton, E.W. Brooks, London 1899.

Procopius, History of the Wars, ed. H.B. Dewing, vol. I–V, New York 1914–1928.

Prosper Tiro, Chronik. Laterculus Regnum Vandalorum et Alanorum, ed. J.M. Kotter, M. Becker, Paderborn 2016.

Priscus, Fragmenta, [in:] Fragmentary Classicising Historians of the Later Roman Empire: Eunapius, Olympiodorus. Priscus and Malchus, ed. R.C. Blockley, t. II, Text, Translation and Historiographical Notes, Liverpool 1983, p. 222–401.

Sidonius, Poems and Letters, ed. W.B. Anderson, London 1956, p. 329–483.

Sidonius, Poems and Letters, ed. W.B. Anderson, London 1956, p. 1–327.

Sozomène, Histoire ecclésiastique, ed. J. Bidez, trad. A-J. Festugière, B. Grillet, t. I–IV, Paris 1983–2008.

Socrate de Constantinople, Histoire ecclésiastique, ed. G. Hansen, trad. P. Périchon, P. Maraval, t. I–IV, Paris 2004–2007.

Suidae Lexicon, ed. A. Adler, t. I–V, Stutgaridiae 1967–1989.

Theodoros Anagnostes, Kirchengeschichte, hrsg. G.C. Hansen, Berlin 1995.

The Church Histories of Theodore Lector and John Diakrinomenos, ed. R. Kosiński, K. Twardowska, transl. A. Zabrocka, A. Szopa, Berlin 2021.

Theodoret de Cyr, Correspondance, ed. Y. Azéma, t. I–IV, Paris 1955–1998.

Theodoretus, Kirchengeschichte, ed. P. Parmentier, Leipzig 1911.

Theophanis Chronographia, rec. C. de Boor, t. I, Lipsiae 1883.

Publii Flavii Vegetii Renati Epitoma rei militaris, ed. F.L. Müller, Stuttgart 1997.

Victor von Vita, Kirchenkampf und Verfolgung unter den Vandalen in Africa, ed. K. Vössing, Darmstadt 2011.

Elishe, Histoire d’Armenie, [in:] Collection des historiens anciens et moderne de l’Armenie, ed. V. Langlois, Paris 1869.

Ioannis Zonarae Epitome Historiarum, ed. L. Dindorf, t. I–III, Lipsiae 1868–1875.

Zosime, Histoire nouvelle, ed., trad. F. Paschoud, t. I–III, Paris 1979–2000.

Vita St. Danielis Stylitae, ed. H. Delehaye, AB 32, 1913, p. 121–229.

La vie ancienne de saint Marcel l’Acémetes, ed. G. Dagron, AB 85, 1968, p. 271–321.

Albert G., Goten in Konstantinopel, Wien 1984.

Albert G., Stilicho und der Hunnenfeldzug des Eutropius, Chi 9, 1979, p. 621–645.

Allen P., Evagrius Scholasticus the Church Historian, Leuven 1981.

Anders F., Flavius Ricimer. Macht und Ohnmacht des weströmischen Heermeisters in der zweiten Hälfte des 5. Jahrhunderts, Berlin 2010.

Ausbüttel F., Theoderich der Große, Darmstadt 2003.

Babcock M., The Night that Attila died. Solving the Murder of Attila the Hun, Berkeley 2005.

Bachrach B., A History of the Alans in the West. From Their First Appearance in the Sources of Classical Antiquity through the Early Middle Ages, Minneapolis 1973.

Baldwin B., Priscus of Panium, B 50, 1980, p. 18–61.

Bleeker R.A., Aspar and Attila: The Role of Flavius Ardaburius Aspar in the Hun Wars of the 440s, AWo 3, 1980, p. 23–27.

Bleeker R.A., Aspar and the Struggle for the Eastern Roman Empire, AD 421–71, London 2022.

Blockley R.C., East Roman Foreign Policy. Formation and Conduct from Diocletian to Anastasius, Cairns 1992.

Blockley R.C., Fragmentary Classicising Historians of the Later Roman Empire, t. I, Liverpool 1981.

Blockley R.C., The developement of Greek Historiography. Priscus, Malchus and Candidus, [in:] Greek and Roman Historiography in Late Antiquity. Fourth to Sixth Century A.D., ed. G. Marasco, Boston 2003, p. 289–315.

Blockley R.C., The Dynasty of Theodosius, [in:] CAH, vol. XIII, The Late Empire A.D. 337–425, ed. A. Cameron, P. Garnsey, Cambridge 1998, p. 111–137.

Boak A.E.R., The Roman Magistri in the Civil and Military Service of the Empire, CP 26, 1915, p. 73–164.

Bohec Y., L’Armee Romaine sous le Bas-Empire, Paris 2006.

Bóna I., Das Hunnenreich, Stuttgart 1991.

Börm H., Hydatius von Aquae Flaviae und die Einheit des Römiches Reiches im 5. Jahrhundert, [in:] Griechische Profanhistoriker des fünften nachristlichen Jahrhundert, ed. T. Stickler, B. Bleckmann, Stuttgart 2014, p. 195–214.

Brandt H., Zur historiographischen konzeption des Izaurers Candidus, [in:] Griechische Profanhistoriker des fünften nachristlichen Jahrhundert, ed. T. Stickler, B. Bleckmann, Stuttgart 2014, p. 161–170.

Brodka D., Die Geschichtsphilosophie in der spätantiken Historiographie. Studien zu Prokopios von Kaisareia, Agathias von Myrina und Theophylaktos Simokattes, Frankfurt am Main 2004.

Brodka D., Priskos und der Feldzug des Basiliskos gegen Geiserich (468), [in:] Griechische Profanhistoriker des fünften nachristlichen Jahrhundert, ed. T. Stickler, B. Bleckmann, Stuttgart 2014, p. 103–120.

Brodka D., Priskos von Panion und Kaiser Marcian. Eine Quellenuntersuchung zu Procop. 3,4,1–11, Evagr. HE 2,1, Theoph. AM 5943 und Nic. Kall. HE 15,1, Mil 9, 2012, p. 145–162.

Brooks E.W., The Emperor Zenon and the Isaurians, Her 8, 1893, p. 209–238.

Burgess R.W., A New Reading for Hydatius „Chronicle” 177 and the Defeat of the Huns in Italy, Phoe 42, 1988, p. 357–363.

Burgess R.W., Isaurian Factions in the Reign of Zeno the Isaurian, L 51, 1992, p. 874–881.

Burgess R.W., The Accession of Marcian in the Light of Chalcedonian Apologetic and Monophysite Polemic, BZ 86/87, 1994, p. 27–68.

Burgess R.W., The Chronicle of Hydatius and Consularia Constantinopolitana, Oxford 1993.

Burns T., A History of the Ostrogoths, Bloomington 1984.

Bury J.B., History of the Later Roman Empire from the Death of Theodosius I. to the Death of Justinian, vol. I, London 1958.

Cameron A., Long J., Barbarians and Politics at the Court of Arcadius, Berkeley 1993.

Cameron A., Procopius and the Sixth Century, London 1996.

Cameron A., The Mediterranean World in Late Antiquity AD 393–600, New York 1993.

Cardelle de Hartman C., Philologische Studien zur Chronik des Hydatius von Chaves, Stuttgart 1994.

Castritius H., Die Vandalen. Etappen einer Spurensuche, Berlin 2006.

Chesnut G., The First Christian Histories. Eusebius, Socrates, Sozomen, Theodoret and Evagrius, Paris 1986.

Clauss M., Der magister officiorum in der Spätantike. Das Amt und sein Einfluss auf die kaiserliche Politik, München 1980.

Clover F.M., The Family and Early Career of Anicius Olybrius, Hi 27, 1978, p. 169–196.

Consuls of the Later Roman Empire, ed. R.S. Bagnall, A. Cameron, S.R. Schwartz, K.A. Worp, Atlanta 1987.

Crawford P., Roman Emperor Zeno. The Perils of Politics in Fifth-century Constantinople, Barnsley 2019.

Croke B., Anatolius and Nomus: Envoys to Attila, Bsl 42, 1981, p. 159–170.

Croke B., Count Marcellinus and his Chronicle, New York 2001.

Croke B., Dating Theodoret’s Church History and Commentary on the Psalms, B 54, 1989, p. 59–74.

Croke B., Dynasty and Ethnicity. Emperor Leo I and the Eclipse of Aspar, Chi 35, 2005, p. 147–203.

Croke B., Evidence for the Hun invasion of Thrace in 422, GRBS 18, 1977, p. 347–367.

Croke B., Introduction, [in:] The Chronicle of John Malalas, ed. E. Jeffreys, M. Jeffreys, R. Scott, Sydney 1986, p. XI–XLII.

Croke B., Latin Historiography and the Barbarian Kingdoms, [in:] Greek and Roman Historiography in Late Antiquity. Fourth to Sixth Century A.D., ed. G. Marasco, Boston 2003, p. 349–389.

Croke B., The Chronicle of Marcellinus, Sydney 1995.

Croke B., The Context and Date of Priscus Fragment 6, CP 78, 1983, p. 297–308.

Croke B., The Date and Circumstances of Marcian’s Decease, A.D. 457, B 48, 1978, p. 5–9.

Croke B., The Imperial Reigns of Leo II, BZ 92, 2003, p. 559–575.

Croke B., Two Early Byzantine Earthquakes and their Liturgical Commemoration, B 51, 1981.

Curtois Ch., Les Vandales et l’Afrique, Paris 1955.

Delmaire R., Les Dignitaires Laics au Concile de Chalcedoine: Notes sur la Hierarchie et les Preseances au Milieu du Ve siecle, B 54, 1984, p. 141–175.

Demandt A., Der spätrömische Militäradel, Chi 10, 1980, p. 609–636.

Demandt A., Geschichte der Spätantike, München 2008.

Demandt A., Magister militum, [in:] RE, t. XII suppl., 1970, p. 553–790.

Dennis G., Einführung, [in:] Das Strategikon des Maurikios, ed. G. Dennis, E. Gamillscheg, Wien 1981, p. 11–42.

Diesner H.J., Die Bucellariertum von Stilicho und Sarus bis auf Aetius (454/455), K 54, 1972, p. 321–350.

Diesner H.J., Das Vandalenreich. Aufstieg und Untergang, Stuttgart 1966.

Dignas B., Winter E., Rome and Persia in Late Antiquity. Neighbours and Rivals, Cambridge 2007.

Elton H., Illus and the Isaurian Aristocracy under Zeno, B 70, 2000, p. 393–407.

Elton H., Military Developments in the Fifth Century, [in:] Companion to the Age of Attila, ed. M. Maas, Cambridge 2015, p. 125–139.

Elton H., Military Forces, [in:] The Cambridge History of Greek and Roman Warfare, vol. II, ed. P. Sabin, H. van Wees, M. Whitby, Cambridge 2008, p. 270–309.

Elton H., Warfare in Roman Europe, AD 350–425, New York 1996.

Feld K., Barbarische Bürger: Die Isaurier und das Römische Reich, Berlin 2005.

Garsoian N., The Marzapanate (428–652), [in:] The Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times, vol. I, ed. R.G. Hovannisian, New York 1997, p. 95–116.

Gautier E.F., Genséric. Roi des Vandales, Paris 1935.

Gillett A., Envoys and Political Communication in Late Antique West 411–533, Cambridge 2003.

Ginter K., Wizerunek władców bizantyńskich w Historii Kościelnej Ewagriusza Scholastyka, Łódź 2018.

Goffart W., The Narrators of Barbarian History (A.D. 550–800). Jordanes, Gregory of Tours, Bede, and Paul the Deacon, New Jersey 1988.

Goltz A., Sizillien und die Germanen in der Spätantike, Kok 53/54, 1997/98, p. 215–217.

Gordon C.D., The Age of Attila. Fifth-Century Byzantium and the Barbarians, Michigan 1961.

Gračanin H., Škrgulja J., The Ostrogoths in the Late Antique South Pannonia, AAC 49, 2014, p. 165–205.

Gračanin H., The Huns and the South Pannonia, Bsl 64, 2006, p. 29–76.

Greatrex G., Perceptions of Procopius in Recent Scholarship, HOJ 8, 2014, p. 76–121.

Halsall G., Barbarian Migrations and the Roman West, 376–568, New York 2007.

Harries J., Sidonius Apollinaris and the Fall of Rome AD 407–485, Oxford 1994.

Heather P., Goths and Romans 332–489, Oxford 1991.

Heather P., The Huns and the End of the Roman Empire in Western Europe, EHR 60, 1995, p. 4–41.

Heather P., The Fall of the Roman Empire. A New History of Rome and the Barbarians, Oxford 2006.

Hohlfelder R.L., Marcian’s Gamble. A Reassessment of Eastern Imperial Policy toward Attila AD 450–453, AJAH 9, 1984, p. 54–69.

Holum K.G., Pulcheria’s Crusade A.D. 421–22 and the Ideology of Imperial Victory, GRBS 18, 1977, p. 153–172.

Holum K.G., Theodosian Empresses: Women and Imperial Dominion in Late Antiquity, Berkeley–Los Angeles–London 1982.

Horvath A., The Education of Sidonius Apollinaris in the Light of his Citations, ACUSD 36, 2000, p. 151–162.

Hughes I., Stilicho. The Vandal Who Saved Rome, Barnsley 2010.

Humphries M., International Relations, [in:] The Cambridge History of Greek and Roman Warfare, vol. II, ed. P. Sabin, H. van Wees, M. Whitby, Cambridge 2008, p. 235–269.

Janiszewski P., Historiografia późnego antyku, [in:] Vademecum historyka starożytnej Grecji i Rzymu, t. III: Źródłoznawstwo czasów późnego antyku, red. E. Wipszycka, Warszawa 1999, p. 7–220.

Jankowiak M., Bizancjum a kryzysy sukcesyjne w Cesarstwie Zachodniorzymskim w ostatnich latach jego istnienia (465–474), [in:] Chrześcijaństwo u schyłku starożytności. Studia źrodłoznawcze, t. III, red. T. Derda, E. Wipszycka, Warszawa 2000, p. 193–244.

Janβen T., Stilicho. Das weströmische Reich vom Tode des Theodosius bis zur Ermordung Stilichos (395–408), Marburg 2004.

Jarosz Ł., Kariera Flawiusza Anatoliusza, [in:] Florilegium. Studia ofiarowane profesorowi Aleksandrowi Krawczukowi z okazji dziewięćdziesiątej piątej rocznicy urodzin, red. E. Dąbrowa, T. Grabowski, M. Piegdoń, Kraków 2017, p. 429–444.

Jarosz Ł., Wschodniorzymscy magistrowie militum w latach 395–527. Studium prosopograficzne, Kraków 2017 [unpublished Ph.D. thesis].

Jimenez D.A., Sidonius Apollinaris and the Fourth Punic War, [in:] New Perspectives on Late Antiquity, ed. D.H. de la Fuente, Cambridge 2011, p. 158–172.

Jones A.H.M, The Later Roman Empire 284–602. A Social, Economic and Administrative Survey, vol. I–III, Oxford 1964.

Jones A.H.M., The Career of Flavius Philippus, Hi 4, 1955, p. 229–233.

Jones A.H.M., The Decline of the Ancient World, London 1966.

Jurewicz O., Historia literatury bizantyńskiej, Wrocław 1984.

Kaegi W.E., Byzantine Military Unrest, 471–843: An Interpretation, Amsterdam 1981.

Kaegi W.E., Some Thoughts on Byzantine Military Strategy, Brookline 1983.

Kaldellis A., Procopius of Caesarea: Tyranny, History and Philosophy at the End of Antiquity, Philadelphia 2004.

Karayannopulos J., Byzantinische Miszellen, [in:] Studia in honorem Veselini Besevliev, ed. V. Georgiev, Sofia 1978.

Kasperski R., Teodoryk Wielki i Kasjodor. Studia nad tworzeniem „tradycji dynastycznej Amalów”, Kraków 2013.

Kazhdan A., A History of Byzantine Literature (650–850), Athens 1998.

Kelly Ch., The End of Empire. Attila the Hun and the Fall of Rome, New York 2009.

Kim H.J., The Huns, Romans and the Birth of Europe, Cambridge 2013.

Kislinger E., Sizilien zwischen Vandalen und Römischem Reich im 5. Jahrhundert: Eine Insel in zentraler Randlage, Mil 11, 2014, p. 237–260.

Koehn C., Justinian und die Armee des frühen Byzanz, Berlin 2018.

Kokoszko M., Descriptions of personal appearance in John Malalas’ Chronicle, Łódź 1998.

Kompa A., In search of Syncellus’ and Theophanes’ own words: the authorship of the Chronographia revisited, TM 19, 2015, p. 73–92.

Kosiński R., Holiness and Power. Constantinopolitan Holy Men and Authority in the 5th Century, Berlin 2016.

Kosiński R., Początki kariery Tarasikodissy-Zenona, [in:] Byzantina Europaea. Księga jubileuszowa ofiarowana Profesorowi Waldemarowi Ceranowi, red. M. Kokoszko, M.J. Leszka, Łódź 2007, p. 289–304.

Kosiński R., The Emperor Zeno: Religion and Politics, transl. M. Fijak, Cracow 2010.

Kotter J.M., Becker M., Einleitung, [in:] Prosper Tiro, Chronik. Laterculus Regnum Vandalorum et Alanorum, ed. J.M. Kotter, M. Becker, Paderborn 2016, p. 3–60.

Krupczyński P., Trudności zachodnich wypraw Belizariusza, Łódź 1984.

Kulikowski M., Marcellinus ‘of Dalmatia’ and the Dissolution of the Fifth-Century Empire, B 72, 2002, p. 177–191.

Kulikowski M., Notitia Dignitatum as a Historical Source, Hi 49, 2000, p. 358–377.

Kulikowski M., The Tragedy of Empire. From Constantine to the Destruction of Roman Italy, Cambridge 2019.

Laniado A., Aspar and his Phoideratoi: John Malalas on a Special Relationship, [in:] Governare e riformare l’Impero al momento della sua divisione. Oriente, Occidente, Illirico, ed. U. Roberto, L. Mecella, Roma 2016, p. 325–344.

Lee A.D., Abduction and Assassination: The Clandestine Face of Roman Diplomacy in Late Antiquity, IHR 31, 2009, p. 1–23.

Lee A.D., Information and Frontiers: Roman Foreign Relations in Late Antiquity, Cambridge 1997.

Lee A.D., The eastern empire: Theodosius to Anastasius, [in:] CAH, t. XIV, ed. A. Cameron, B. Ward-Perkins, M. Whitby, Cambridge 2008, p. 33–62.

Lee A.D., Theodosius and his Generals, [in:] Theodosius II. Rethinking the Roman Empire in Late Antiquity, ed. Ch. Kelly, Cambridge 2013, p. 90–108.

Lee A.D., War in Late Antiquity, Oxford 2007.

Lensky N., Captivity among the Barbarians and Its Impact on the Fate of the Roman Empire, [in:] The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Attila, ed. M. Maas, Cambridge 2015, p. 235–238.

Leszka M.B., Leszka M.J., Zarys dziejów Konstantynopola w latach 337–602, [in:] Konstantynopol – Nowy Rzym. Miasto i ludzie w okresie wczesnobizantyńskim, red. M.J. Leszka, T. Wolińska, Warszawa 2011, p. 42–101.

Leszka M.J., Empress-Widow Verina’s Political Activity during the Reign of Emperor Zeno, [in:] Mélanges d’histoire byzantine offerts à Oktawiusz Jurewicz à l’occasion de son soixante–dixième anniversaire, red. W. Ceran, Łódź 1998, p. 128–136.

Leszka M.J., Kilka uwag na temat losów Illusa Izauryjczyka w latach 479–484, M 62, 2007, p. 99–107.

Leszka M.J., The role of Empress Verina in the events of 475/476 – revisited, Bsl 75, 2017, p. 30–42.

Leszka M.J., Wierzbiński Sz., Komes Marcellin vir clarissimus. Historyk i jego dzieło, Łódź 2022.

Letki P., The state factories (fabricae) during the time of tetrarchy, SKA 5, 2009, p. 49–64.

Liebeschuetz J.H.W.G., Barbarians and Bishops. Army, Church, and State in the Age of Arcadius and Chrysostom, Oxford 1991.

Lindner R.P., Nomadism, Horses and Huns, PP 92, 1981, p. 3–19.

Lotter F., Völkerverschiebungen im Ostalpen–Mitteldonau–Raum zwischen Antike und Mittelalter, Berlin 2003.

Luttwak E., The Grand Strategy of the Byzantine Empire, Cambridge 2009.

MacGeorge P., Late Roman Warlords, New York 2002.

Maenchen-Helfen O., The World of Huns. Studies in Their History and Culture, London 1973.

Mathisen R.W., Avitus, Italy and the East in A.D. 455–456, B 51, 1981, p. 232–247.

Mathisen R.W., Patricians as Diplomats in Late Antiquity, BZ 79, 1986, p. 35–49.

Mathisen R.W., Sigisvult the Patrician, Maximinus the Arian, and political strategems in the Western Roman Empire c. 425–40, EME 8, 1999, p. 173–196.

Max G.E., Political Intrigue during the Reigns of the Western Roman Emperors Avitus and Majorian, Hi 28, 1979, p. 225–237.

McEvoy M., Becoming Roman? The Not-So-Curious Case of Aspar and the Ardaburii, JLA 9, 2016, p. 483–511.

Meier M., Candidus: um die Geschichte der Isauriers, [in:] Griechische Profanhistoriker des fünften nachristlichen Jahrhundert, ed. T. Stickler, B. Bleckmann, Stuttgart 2014, p. 171–193.

Meier M., Drohisn C., Priwitzer S., Einleitung, [in:] Johannes Malalas, Weltchronik, ed. J. Thurn, M. Meier, Stuttgart 2009, p. 1–37.

Meier M., Geschichte der Völkerwanderung. Europa, Asien und Afrika vom 3. bis zum 8. Jahrhundert n.Chr, München 2019.

Merrills A., Miles R., The Vandals, Oxford 2010.

Mielczarek M., Cataphracti and Clibanarii: Studies on the Heavy Armoured Cavalry of the Ancient World, Łódź 1993.

Millar F., A Greek Roman Empire. Power and Belief under Theodosius II 408–450, Berkeley 2007.

Milner N.P., Introduction, [in:] Vegetius: Epitome of Military Science, ed. N.P. Milner, Liverpool 1996, p. XIII–XLIII.

Modéran Y., Les Vandales et l’Empire Romain, Arles 2014.

Müller F.L., Einleitung, [in:] Publii Flavii Vegetii Renati, Epitoma rei militaris, ed. F.L. Müller, Stuttgart 1997, p. 11–26.

Nikoronov V., Cataphracti, Catafractarii and Clibanarii: Another Look at the Old Problem of their Identifications, [in:] Military Archeology. Weaponry and Warfare in the Historical and Social Perspective, ed. G.V. Vilinbakhov, V.M. Masson, St. Petersburg 1998, p. 131–138.

O’Flynn J.M., A Greek on the Roman Throne: The Fate of Anthemius, Hi 40, 1991, p. 122–128.

Oost S., Aetius and Majorian, CPh 59, 1964, p. 23–29.

Parnell D.A., Justinian’s Men. Careers and Relationships of Byzantine Army Officers 518–610, London 2017.

Pawlak M., Walka o władzę w Rzymie w latach 425–435, Toruń 2004.

Pigoński Ł., Berichus and the Evidence for Aspar’s Political Power and Aims in the Last Years of Theodosius II’s Reign, SCer 8, 2018, p. 237–251.

Pigoński Ł., Kilka uwag na temat kariery magistra militum Flawiusza Plinty i jego wpływów na dworze Teodozjusza II, BP 28, 2021, p. 23–30.

Pigoński Ł., Polityka zachodnia cesarzy Marcjana (450–457) i Leona I (457–474), Łódź 2019.

Pigoński Ł., Wpływ czynników religijnych na relacje rzymsko–wandalskie w latach 429–474, ChrA 8, 2016, p. 98–113.

Pikulska-Robaszkiewicz A., Funkcjonariusze służb specjalnych w późnym Cesarstwie – „agentes in rebus”, PK 37, 1994, p. 147–157.

Popović V., Die süddanubische Provinzen in der Spätantike vom Ende des 4. Bis zur Mitte des 5. Jahrhunderts, [in:] Die Völker Südosteuropas im 6. bis 8. Jahrhundert, hrsg. B. Hänsel, Berlin 1987, p. 95–140.

Prostko-Prostyński J., Attila and Novae, [in:] Novae. Legionary Fortress and Late Antique Town, vol. I, ed. T. Derda, P. Dyczek, J. Kolendo, Warsaw 2008, p. 133–140.

Prostko-Prostyński J., Basiliskos: Ein in Rom anerkannter Usurpator, ZPE 133, 2000, p. 259–265.

Prostko-Prostyński J., Roma– solium imperii. Elekcja, koronacja i uznanie cesarza w Rzymie w IV–VIII wieku, Poznań 2014.

Pryor J.H., Jeffreys E.M., The Age of Dromon. The Byzantine Navy ca. 500–1204, Leiden 2006.

Rance Ph., A Roman–Lazi War in the “Suda”: A Fragment of Priscus?, CQ 65, 2015, p. 852–867.

Redde M., Mare Nostrum. Les infrastructures, le dispositif et l’histoire de la marine militaire sous l’empire romain, Roma 1986.

Rohrbacher D., Historians of Late Antiquity, London 2002.

Rosen K., Attila. Der Schrecken der Welt, München 2016.

Rouche M., Attila. La violence nomade, Paris 2009.

Salamon M., Basiliscus cum romanis suis, [in:] Studia Moesiaca, red. L. Mrozewicz, K. Ilski, Poznań 1994, p. 179–196.

Salzmann M.R., Emperors and Elites in Rome after the Vandal Sack of 455, AnTard 25, 2017, p. 243–262.

Scharf R., Foederati. Von der völkerrechtlichen Kategorie zur byzantinischen Truppengattung, Wien 2001.

Schmidt L., Geschichte der Wandalen, Leipzig 1901.

Schmitt O., Die Bucellari. Eine Studie zum militärischen Gefolgschaftwesen in der Spätantike, Ty 9, 1994, p. 147–174.

Scott L., Aspar and the Burden of Barbarian Heritage, ByzS 3, 1976, p. 59–69.

Seston W., Dioclétien et la Tétrarchie, Paris 1946.

Shahid I., Byzantium and the Arabs in the Fifth Century, Dumbarton Oaks 2006.

Siebigs G., Kaiser Leo I. Das oströmische Reich in den ersten drei Jahren seiner Regierung (457–460 n. Chr.), Berlin 2010.

Southern P., Dixon K., Late Roman Army, London 2014.

Stein E., Histoire du Bas-Empire, t. I, De L’état romain à l’état byzantin (284–476), Paris 1959.

Steinacher R., Die Vandalen. Aufstieg und Fall eines Barbarenreichs, Stuttgart 2016.

Stewart M.E., The First Byzantine Emperor? Leo I, Aspar and Challenges of Power and Romanitas in Fifth-century Byzantium, Porph 22, 2014, p. 4–17.

Stickler T., Aëtius. Gestaltungsspielräume eines Heermeisters im ausgehenden. Weströmischen Reich, München 2002.

Stickler T., Die Hunnen, München 2007.

Stickler T., Foederati, [in:] A Companion to the Roman Army, ed. P. Erdkamp, Oxford 2007, p. 495–514.

Studies in John Malalas, ed. E. Jeffreys, B. Croke, R. Scott, Sydney 1990.

Styka J., Sydoniusz Apollinaris i kultura literacka w Galii V wieku, Kraków 2008.

Szopa A., Notitia Dignitatum – „najbardziej rzymski z dokumentów”?, ReG 8, 2015, p. 183–191.

The Acts of the Council of Chalcedon, ed. R. Price, M. Gaddis, Liverpool 2005.

The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium, ed. A. Kazhdan, Oxford 1991.

Thompson E.A., A History of Attila and the Huns, Oxford 1948.

Thompson E.A., The Foreign Policies of Theodosius II and Marcian, Her 76, 1950, p. 58–75.

Thompson E.A., The Isaurians under Theodosius II, Her 68, 1948, p. 18–31.

Treadgold W., Byzantium and its Army 284–1081, Stanford 1995.

Treadgold W., History of Byzantine State and Society, Stanford 1997.

Urbainczyk Th., Socrates of Constantinople. Historian of Church and State, Ann Arbor 1997.

Urbaniec A., Wpływ patrycjusza Aspara na cesarską elekcję Leona, USS 11, 2011, p. 173–201.

Vernadsky G., Flavius Ardabur Aspar, SF 6, 1941, p. 38–73.

Vössing K., Das Königreich der Vandalen. Geiserichs Herrschaft und das Imperium Romanum, Darmstadt 2014.

Whitby M., Army and Society in the Late Roman World: A Context for Decline?, [in:] A Companion to the Roman Army, ed. P. Erdkamp, Oxford 2007, p. 515–531.

Whitby M., Introduction, [in:] The Ecclesiastical History of Evagrius Scholasticus, ed. M. Whitby, Liverpool 2000, p. XIII–XLIII.

Whitby M., Siege Warfare and Counter-Siege Tactics (ca.250–640), [in:] War and Warfare in Late Antiquity, ed. A. Sarantis, N. Christie, Leiden 2013, p. 433–459.

Whitby M., The Army c. 420–602, [in:] CAH, t. XIV, Late Antiquity: Empire and Successors, AD 425–600, ed. A. Cameron, B. Ward-Perkins, M. Whitby, Cambridge 2008, p. 288–314.

Wiemer H.U., Malchos von Philadelphia. Die Vandalen und das Ende des Kaisertums im Westen, [in:] Griechische Profanhistoriker des fünften nachristlichen Jahrhundert, ed. T. Stickler, B. Bleckmann, Stuttgart 2014, p. 121–159.

Wiemer H.U., Theoderich der Große. König der Goten – Herrscher der Römer, München 2018.

Wijnendale J., The early career of Aëthius and the murder of Felix (c. 425–430 CE), Hi 66, 2017, p. 468–482.

Wijnendale J., ‘Warlordism’ and the Disintegration of the Western Roman Army, [in:] Circum Mare: Themes in Ancient Warfare, ed. J. Armstrong, Leiden 2016, p. 185–203.

Wilczyński M., Gejzeryk i „czwarta wojna punicka”, Oświęcim 2016.

Wilczyński M., Germanie w służbie zachodniorzymskiej w V w. n.e., Oświęcim 2018.

Wilczyński M., Królestwo Swebów – Regnum in extremitate mundi, Kraków 2011.

Wilkes J.J., Dalmatia, London 1969.

Wirth G., Attila. Das Hunnenreich und Europa, Stuttgart 1999.

Wolfram H., Die Goten. Von den Anfängen bis zur Mitte des schsten Jahrhunderts, München 2001.

Wolińska T., Arabs, (H)agarenes, Ishmaelites, Saracens – a Few Remarks about Naming, [in:] Byzantium and the Arabs. The Encounter of Civilizations from Sixth to Mid-Eight Century, ed. T. Wolińska, P. Filipczak, Łódź 2015, p. 22–37.

Wolińska T., Rola Sycylii w wojnach wandalskich i gockich Justyniana, PH 41, 2000, p. 321–340.

Wozniak F., East Rome, Ravenna and Illyricum 454–536 AD, Hi 30, p. 351–382.

Zecchini G., Latin Historiography: Jerome, Orosius and the Western Chroniclers, [in:] Greek and Roman Historiography in Late Antiquity. Fourth to Sixth Century A.D., ed. G. Marasco, Boston 2003, p. 317–345.

Zołoteńki D., Galia u schyłku panowania rzymskiego, Kraków 2011.

Zuckermann C., L’Empire d’Orient et les Huns. Notes sur Priscus, TM 12, 1994, p. 159–182.

Глушанин Е.П., Военная знать ранней Византии, Барнаул 1991.

Козлов А.С., Народные массы в конфликте Аспара и Льва, АДСВ 10, 1973, p. 263–265.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.