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The Body and Gender
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The authors of this chapter pursue an issue of the body and embodiment from the gender perspective. In this paper, they assume that the body is perceived and functions socially as a gendered body, containing a cultural content of gender. Referring to various concepts applied in the sociology of gender, they demonstrate what a gendered body is and how it reveals itself; what it means for an individual and what its social meaning is.
In the first part of the chapter, the issues of body and gender are introduced from the gender perspective; the transformations of gender are also discussed. Further, the authors tackle the issue of a gendered body’s meaning in the context of one’s gender identity, one’s social roles, gendered division of labour as well as gender relations and inequality. They also draw attention to the issue of intersectionality in embodiment and the body as an aesthetic capital of individuals. The subsections of this chapter offer definitions of the key notions relating to the body and embodiment from the perspective of the sociology of gender. The chapter concludes with verifying questions and a list of publications, the reading of which will allow the readers to broaden their knowledge on the discussed topic.
Dr. Krystyna Dzwonkowska-Godula – assistant professor at the Department of Rural and Urban Studies and Sociology of Social Change, Institute of Sociology, Faculty of Economics and Sociology, University of Lodz. Author of a doctoral dissertation on the cultural models and patterns of femininity and masculinity, motherhood, and fatherhood. Participant in research projects and author of publications addressing, among others, issues of gender stereotypes and stereotypes of parental roles; the human and social capital of women and men; the subjectivity of women during pregnancy and childbirth; the influence of cultural concepts of gender and age on women’s and men’s attitudes towards health and appearance, reproductive health rights and reproductive justice, as well as social activity in this area.
Dr. Emilia Garncarek – assistant professor at the Department of Rural and Urban Studies and Sociology of Social Change, Institute of Sociology, Faculty of Economics and Sociology, University of Lodz. Author of a doctoral dissertation on the social determinants of voluntary childlessness. Her scientific and research interests include transformations of the modern family (voluntary childlessness, changes in contemporary motherhood, gray divorce); the influence of cultural concepts of gender and age on women’s and men’s attitudes towards health and appearance. Author of scientific articles, as well as co-author of scientific monographs on the issues of gender, transformations of the modern family and the sociology of health. Her latest research concerns the psychosocial determinants of modern knitting.
Dr. Julita Czernecka – assistant professor at the Department of Rural and Urban Studies and Sociology of Social Change, Institute of Sociology, Faculty of Economics and Sociology, University of Lodz. Author of a doctoral dissertation devoted to the social determinants of the choice of single life among single men and women from big cities. Participant of research projects and author of publications addressing the issue of gender stereotypes; the influence of cultural concepts of gender and age on women’s and men’s attitudes towards appearance, the role of appearance in personal and professional life, the social definition of love, differences in expectations regarding functioning in a romantic relationship.
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